Shloka 27

The Āditya-Śayana (Ravi-Śayana) Vow: Night-Meal Discipline, Nakṣatra Limb-Worship, and the Unity of Sūrya and Śiva

Devanagari script

यथा न देवाः श्रेयांसं त्वदन्यमनघं विदुः । तथा मामुद्धराशेष दुःखसंसारसागरात्

Transliteration

yathā na devāḥ śreyāṃsaṃ tvadanyamanaghaṃ viduḥ | tathā māmuddharāśeṣa duḥkhasaṃsārasāgarāt

Translation

ดุจดังเหล่าเทวะทั้งหลายรู้ว่าไม่มีผู้ใดประเสริฐเกื้อกูลยิ่งกว่าพระองค์ โอ้ผู้ปราศจากมลทิน ฉันใด ก็ขอพระองค์โปรดกู้ข้าพเจ้าโดยสิ้นเชิงจากมหาสมุทรแห่งสังสารวัฏอันเต็มไปด้วยทุกข์ฉันนั้น

Word by Word

• यथा: just as
• यथा: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; उपमान/प्रकारवाचक (indeclinable; manner/comparison marker)

• न: not
• न: Sambandha (Particle/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निषेध (negation particle)

• देवाः: the gods
• देवाः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st/Nominative); बहुवचन (Plural)

• श्रेयांसम्: better, superior
• श्रेयांसम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: श्रेयस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative); एकवचन (Singular); तुलनात्मक (comparative)

• त्वत्-अन्यम्: other than you
• त्वत्-अन्यम्: Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: त्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + अन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative); एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (genitive-determinative: 'other than you')

• अनघम्: sinless, faultless
• अनघम्: Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अनघ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative); एकवचन

• विदुः: know
• विदुः: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: विद् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect); परस्मैपद; प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person); बहुवचन (Plural)

• तथा: so, in the same way
• तथा: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; प्रकार/तुल्यतावाचक (indeclinable; 'thus/in the same way')

• माम्: me
• माम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: उत्तमपुरुष-सर्वनाम; द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative); एकवचन

• उद्धर: lift up, rescue
• उद्धर: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उद्-हृ (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (Imperative); परस्मैपद; मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person); एकवचन

• अशेष: O all-remaining/entire (O one without remainder)
• अशेष: Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अशेष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; सम्बोधन (Vocative); एकवचन; (addressing the deity)

• दुःख-संसार-सागरात्: from the ocean of painful worldly existence
• दुःख-संसार-सागरात्: Apadana (Source/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुःख (प्रातिपदिक) + संसार (प्रातिपदिक) + सागर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; पञ्चमी (5th/Ablative); एकवचन; बहुपद-तत्पुरुष (determinative: 'ocean of worldly existence full of suffering')

Speaker

A devotee/supplicant addressing the Lord (likely Viṣṇu/Nārāyaṇa) in prayer

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: karuna

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: त्वदन्यमनघं = त्वत् + अन्यम् + अनघम्; मामुद्धराशेष = माम् + उद्धर + अशेष; दुःखसंसारसागरात् = दुःख-संसार-सागरात् (समास).

Characters & Entities

• Devas

FAQs

What is the central teaching of this verse?

It teaches śaraṇāgati (seeking refuge): acknowledging the Lord as the supreme source of welfare and praying for complete deliverance from duḥkha-filled saṃsāra.

How does this verse emphasize the path of Bhakti?

By framing liberation as the Lord’s grace in response to humble, trusting prayer—devotion expressed as dependence on the divine rescuer.

What ethical or spiritual attitude is modeled here?

Humility and reliance on divine goodness: the speaker admits personal vulnerability to suffering and seeks total upliftment rather than partial relief.