Shloka 59
The Glory of Śrāddha at Sacred Fords and the Determination of the Kutapa Time
ब्रह्मावर्तं कुशावर्तं हंसतीर्थं तथैव च । पिंडारकं च विख्यातं शंखोद्धारं तथैव च
brahmāvartaṃ kuśāvartaṃ haṃsatīrthaṃ tathaiva ca | piṃḍārakaṃ ca vikhyātaṃ śaṃkhoddhāraṃ tathaiva ca
พรหมาวรรต กุศาวรรต และหังสตีรถะ; อีกทั้ง ปิณฑารกะอันเลื่องชื่อ และศังคโคทฺธาระด้วย—ล้วนเป็นสถานศักดิ์สิทธิ์ควรระลึกและไปสักการะ
Unspecified in the provided excerpt (context needed to confirm the dialogue frame, often Pulastya → Bhīṣma in tīrtha sections).
Concept: Dharma is anchored in place: certain landscapes are remembered as especially conducive to yajña, śrāddha, and sattva-śuddhi.
Application: When visiting any sacred place, emulate Brahmāvarta’s ideal: truthfulness, restraint, charity, and remembrance of the Lord; offer tarpaṇa with clean intention.
Primary Rasa: adbhuta
Secondary Rasa: shanta
Type: tirtha
Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"A procession of pilgrims moves through a fertile doab where two pale rivers (Sarasvatī and Dṛṣadvatī) shimmer like silver threads, marking Brahmāvarta. Along the route, five small shrine-emblems rise like signposts—Kuśāvarta with sacred kuśa grass, Haṃsatīrtha with white swans, Piṇḍāraka with offering-balls on a leaf-plate, and Śaṅkhoddhāra with a conch emerging from water.","primary_figures":["pilgrims performing tarpaṇa","sage guide reciting names","symbolic swans (haṃsa)"],"setting":"river confluence plains with kuśa grass patches, small ghāṭas, and way-shrines","lighting_mood":"golden dawn","color_palette":["wheat gold","river-silver","leaf green","conch white","vermillion"],"tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore painting style: Brahmāvarta landscape framed by ornate arch, twin rivers in silver tones, pilgrims at ghāṭa offering tarpaṇa, swans at Haṃsatīrtha, kuśa grass motif at Kuśāvarta, Piṇḍāraka offerings depicted with meticulous detail; heavy gold leaf highlights on water ripples and halos, rich reds/greens, jewel-like ornamentation.","pahari_prompt":"Pahari miniature style: expansive pastoral doab with delicate rivers, tiny ghāṭas, swans gliding, pilgrims carrying brass pots; refined faces, soft atmospheric perspective, cool blues and greens, lyrical naturalism, small caption-like cartouches for each tīrtha-name.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural style: stylized twin rivers, bold-outlined pilgrims in profile, emblematic swans and conch, kuśa grass border pattern; earthy reds, yellows, and greens, temple-wall composition with rhythmic repetition of tīrtha icons.","pichwai_prompt":"Pichwai cloth painting style: a central lotus pond with swans (Haṃsa), surrounded by circular medallions naming Brahmāvarta, Kuśāvarta, Piṇḍāraka, Śaṅkhoddhāra; intricate floral borders, deep indigo field, gold and white highlights, subtle śaṅkha-cakra motifs woven throughout."}
Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"narrative","suggested_raga":"Bhupali","pace":"moderate-narrative","voice_tone":"reverent-soft","sound_elements":["flowing water","birds and swans","soft conch shell","footsteps on stone ghāṭa"]}
Sandhi Resolution Notes: तथैव = तथा + एव; शंखोद्धारम् = शंख + उद्धारम् (स्वर-सन्धि/संयोग)।
FAQs
It functions as a catalog-style listing of multiple tīrthas (pilgrimage/bathing sites), showing how the Padma Purāṇa maps holiness onto specific named locations and encourages remembrance or visitation as a religious practice.
By foregrounding tīrthas—places associated with divine presence and sacred memory—it supports a devotional culture where pilgrimage, recitation, and reverent remembrance become accessible forms of bhakti, even without complex ritual detail in the verse itself.
The implied ethic is reverence for sacred spaces and disciplined religious life: seeking purification, cultivating humility through pilgrimage, and valuing traditions that orient one’s actions toward dharma and inner cleanliness.