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Shloka 20

The Account of Sukalā: Chastity Overcomes Kāma and an Indra-like Trial

काम उवाच । अनया लोक्यते रूपमिंद्रस्यास्य महात्मनः । यदि देवि तदा चाहं हनिष्यामि न संशयः

kāma uvāca | anayā lokyate rūpamiṃdrasyāsya mahātmanaḥ | yadi devi tadā cāhaṃ haniṣyāmi na saṃśayaḥ

กามกล่าวว่า “นางผู้นี้เองได้เห็นรูปของพระอินทร์ผู้มีมหาตมันนี้ หากพระแม่เจ้ายินยอม โอ้เทวี ข้าจักยิงเขาแน่นอน—ปราศจากข้อสงสัย”

कामःKāma
कामः:
कर्ता (Agent/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootकाम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Nominative singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
क्रिया (Action)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु) (उवाच = लिट्-रूप, परस्मैपद)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; Parasmaipada
अनयाby her / with this (woman)
अनया:
करण (Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) (स्त्री. ‘अनया’)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Instrumental singular
लोक्यतेis seen / is perceived
लोक्यते:
क्रिया (Action)
TypeVerb
Rootलोक् (धातु) (passive stem) / √लोक् ‘to see’
Formलट्-लकार (Present), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; कर्मणि-प्रयोग (Passive), आत्मनेपद
रूपम्form / beauty
रूपम्:
कर्ता (Passive subject/कर्मकर्तृ)
TypeNoun
Rootरूप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Nominative singular (subject in passive)
इन्द्रस्यof Indra
इन्द्रस्य:
सम्बन्ध (Possessor)
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Genitive singular
अस्यof this (one)
अस्य:
सम्बन्ध (Possessor)
TypeNoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Genitive singular (of this)
महात्मनःof the great-souled one
महात्मनः:
सम्बन्ध (Possessor)
TypeNoun
Rootमहात्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Genitive singular; कर्मधारय (महान् आत्मा यस्य)
यदिif
यदि:
सम्बन्ध (Clause linker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; शर्त-सम्बन्धी अव्यय (conditional conjunction)
देविO goddess / O lady
देवि:
सम्बोधन (Address)
TypeNoun
Rootदेवी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Vocative singular
तदाthen
तदा:
क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; कालवाचक/परिणामवाचक (then)
and
:
सम्बन्ध (Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चय-निपात (conjunction)
अहम्I
अहम्:
कर्ता (Agent/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; 1st person pronoun, Nominative singular
हनिष्यामिwill kill
हनिष्यामि:
क्रिया (Action)
TypeVerb
Rootहन् (धातु)
Formलृट्-लकार (Simple Future), उत्तम-पुरुष, एकवचन; Parasmaipada
not / no
:
सम्बन्ध (Negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निषेध-निपात (negation particle)
संशयःdoubt
संशयः:
प्रयोज्य-भाव/विशेष्य (Predicate complement)
TypeNoun
Rootसंशय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Nominative singular (predicate noun)

Kāma

Concept: Desire (kāma) weaponizes perception and consent to destabilize even the mighty; vigilance and restraint are required.

Application: Notice how attraction can become manipulation; cultivate boundaries, discernment, and accountability before acting on impulse.

Primary Rasa: shringara

Secondary Rasa: raudra

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"Kāma, youthful and radiant, leans toward a goddess-like figure, speaking with confident certainty while Rati stands nearby, poised and watchful. In the distance, Indra’s majestic silhouette is glimpsed—an intended target—creating a tense triangle of allure, consent, and impending strike.","primary_figures":["Kāma","a Devī figure (addressed as ‘devi’)","Indra (distant/foreshadowed)","Rati (optional, implied by surrounding verses)"],"setting":"Celestial grove with flowering aśoka and mango blossoms, perfumed air, faint outlines of Amarāvatī.","lighting_mood":"divine radiance","color_palette":["spring green","coral pink","peacock blue","golden amber","ivory white"],"tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore painting style: Kāma with sugarcane bow and floral arrows, speaking to a regal Devī seated on a jeweled throne; Indra faintly depicted in the background with vajra; heavy gold leaf on crowns and ornaments, rich reds/greens, gem-like highlights, ornate arch frame.","pahari_prompt":"Pahari miniature style: intimate dialogue under blossoming trees; Kāma slender and elegant, Devī in translucent veil, Rati as graceful companion; cool pastel palette, detailed flora, lyrical naturalism, distant palace terraces.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural style: stylized Kāma with bold outlines, large eyes, floral bow; Devī frontal and composed; background filled with patterned vines and celestial motifs; strong reds/yellows/greens, temple-wall symmetry.","pichwai_prompt":"Pichwai cloth painting style: springtime grove with dense floral border, lotuses and peacocks; Kāma and Devī centered, Indra hinted in a medallion-like vignette; deep blues and gold, intricate textile patterning, devotional-meets-theatrical mood."}

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"dramatic","suggested_raga":"Desh","pace":"fast-dramatic","voice_tone":"emotional","sound_elements":["soft ankle bells","buzzing bees in blossoms","distant conch from celestial court"]}

Sandhi Resolution Notes: रूपम्+इन्द्रस्य → रूपमिंद्रस्य; तदा+च+अहम् → तदा चाहम्; लोक्यते taken as passive present of √लोक्. महात्मनः is genitive singular.

K
Kāma
I
Indra
D
Devī

FAQs

The speaker is Kāma (the deity of desire), addressing “Devī” (a goddess addressed respectfully as ‘O Goddess’).

Kāma says that through “her” Indra’s form is perceived, and if the Goddess agrees, he will strike Indra, asserting there is no doubt about it.

The verse highlights how desire and intent can become forceful when backed by approval or sanction, pointing to the need for discernment before empowering actions driven by passion or rivalry.