Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 48

Narrative of King Pṛthu: Chastising and Milking the Earth

नागा वर्तंति तेनापि ह्यत्युग्रेण द्विजोत्तमाः । विषेण घोररूपेण सर्पाश्चैव भयानकाः

nāgā vartaṃti tenāpi hyatyugreṇa dvijottamāḥ | viṣeṇa ghorarūpeṇa sarpāścaiva bhayānakāḥ

เพราะเหตุนั้น โอ้ทวิชผู้ประเสริฐ เหล่านาคจึงเที่ยวไปอย่างดุร้ายยิ่ง; และเหล่าอสรพิษก็น่าสะพรึง ด้วยรูปอันน่ากลัวและพิษอันร้ายแรง

नागाःnāgas/serpents
नागाः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootनाग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), बहुवचन
वर्तन्तिexist/behave/continue
वर्तन्ति:
Kriya (Action)
TypeVerb
Rootवृत् (धातु)
Formलट् (वर्तमानकाल), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन
तेनby that/thereby
तेन:
Karana/Hetu (Instrument/Cause)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), एकवचन; करण/हेतुवाचक (by that/thereby)
अपिalso/even
अपि:
Sambandha/Emphasis (Nipata)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle)
हिindeed/for
हि:
Sambandha/Emphasis (Nipata)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (अव्यय)
Formनिपात; हेत्वर्थ/निश्चयार्थ (for/indeed)
अति-उग्रेणwith extreme fierceness
अति-उग्रेण:
Karana (Instrument/Means)
TypeAdjective
Rootअति (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + उग्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसक, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), एकवचन; क्रियाविशेषण-भावे (with extreme fierceness)
द्विजोत्तमाःO best of the twice-born
द्विजोत्तमाः:
Sambodhana/Address (Vocative sense)
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज + उत्तम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), बहुवचन; संबोधनार्थे (address)
विषेणwith poison
विषेण:
Karana (Instrument/Means)
TypeNoun
Rootविष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), एकवचन
घोररूपेणin a dreadful form
घोररूपेण:
Karana (Instrument/Means)
TypeAdjective
Rootघोर + रूप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (of विषेण/its form)
सर्पाःsnakes
सर्पाः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootसर्प (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), बहुवचन
and
:
Samuccaya (Conjunction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-निपात (conjunction)
एवindeed
एव:
Sambandha/Emphasis (Nipata)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle)
भयानकाःterrifying
भयानकाः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootभयानक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), बहुवचन; विशेषणम् (of सर्पाः)

Uncertain (context not provided; commonly within Bhūmi-khaṇḍa dialogues such verses occur in Pulastya → Bhīṣma narration)

Concept: Nourishment shapes nature: what beings subsist on intensifies their inherent qualities, for good or ill.

Application: Be vigilant about inputs—diet, media, company—since they can amplify aggression or fear; choose sattvic supports to reduce inner 'venom'.

Primary Rasa: bhayanaka

Secondary Rasa: raudra

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"A dramatic procession of Nāgas surges through shadowed caverns, their scales glinting as they roam with unblinking, fearsome eyes. Venom drips like liquid fire from bared fangs, and the air itself seems charged—an awe-filled warning of primal power unleashed by their fierce sustenance.","primary_figures":["Nāgas","Serpents"],"setting":"Dark Nāga-loka tunnels opening into a vast cavern with subterranean pools and jagged crystal formations.","lighting_mood":"moonlit","color_palette":["indigo","toxic green","smoky violet","silver","charcoal black"],"tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore painting style: fierce Nāgas with ornate crowns and expanded hoods, gold leaf highlights on scales and jewelry, dramatic symmetrical composition with a central serpent-king, rich reds/greens contrasted with dark background, stylized flames of venom, traditional decorative arch and border motifs.","pahari_prompt":"Pahari miniature style: serpents rendered with delicate linework, cool nocturnal palette, cavern landscape with crystalline rocks, expressive yet refined faces on Nāgas, subtle sense of motion as they roam, fine detailing of venom as luminous droplets.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural style: bold outlines, exaggerated eyes and hood patterns, strong red/yellow/green pigments against dark ground, rhythmic serpent coils forming a mandala-like movement, temple-wall narrative intensity.","pichwai_prompt":"Pichwai cloth painting style: patterned serpent coils integrated into floral borders, deep blue ground with gold detailing, stylized venom as decorative motifs, symmetrical arrangement like devotional attendants—transforming fear into aesthetic order, intricate textile ornamentation."}

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"dramatic","suggested_raga":"Bhairavi","pace":"fast-dramatic","voice_tone":"authoritative","sound_elements":["thunder rumble","hissing wind","conch blast","heavy drum strokes"]}

Sandhi Resolution Notes: तेनापि→तेन अपि; ह्यत्युग्रेण→हि अति-उग्रेण; सर्पाश्चैव→सर्पाः च एव.

FAQs

It emphasizes the presence and danger of nāgas and snakes—described as extremely fierce and venomous—likely as part of a description of a perilous region or circumstance.

Not explicitly in this standalone verse; it is primarily descriptive, highlighting fearsome natural (or semi-divine) beings rather than devotional instruction.

“Dvijottamāḥ” means “best of the twice-born,” typically addressing a learned brahmin or revered interlocutor in Purāṇic dialogue.