Shloka 54

Dharmāṅgada’s Discourse (Dharmāṅgadopadeśa) in the Mohinī Episode

Devanagari script

यदि पुत्रः प्रियो राजन्भुज्यतां हरिवासरे । किं विलापैर्महीपाल एतैर्द्धर्मबहिष्कृतैः ॥ ५४ ॥

Transliteration

yadi putraḥ priyo rājanbhujyatāṃ harivāsare | kiṃ vilāpairmahīpāla etairddharmabahiṣkṛtaiḥ || 54 ||

Translation

หากบุตรเป็นที่รักของท่าน โอ้พระราชา จงเสวยอาหารเฉพาะในวันของพระหริเท่านั้น. โอ้ผู้ครองแผ่นดิน การคร่ำครวญที่นอกธรรมเหล่านี้มีประโยชน์อันใด?

Word by Word

• yadi: if
• yadi: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/condition marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yadi (अव्यय)
• Form: शर्तार्थक-अव्यय (conditional particle)

• putraḥ: son
• putraḥ: Karta (कर्ता/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: putra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा (Nominative singular)

• priyaḥ: dear
• priyaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: priya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा; विशेषण (qualifying ‘putraḥ’)

• rājan: O king
• rājan: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rājan (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, सम्बोधन (Vocative singular)

• bhujyatām: let (him) eat / let it be eaten
• bhujyatām: Kriyā (क्रिया/predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √bhuj (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (Imperative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; आत्मनेपद; कर्मणि-प्रयोग (passive): ‘let it be eaten/let (him) eat’

• hari-vāsare: on Hari’s day (Sunday/holy day of Hari)
• hari-vāsare: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/time-locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hari (प्रातिपदिक) + vāsara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: हरेः वासरः; पुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, सप्तमी (Locative singular)

• kim: what (use)?
• kim: Prayojana (प्रयोजन/rhetorical question)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kim (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रश्नवाचक-सर्वनाम; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom./Acc.)

• vilāpaiḥ: with lamentations
• vilāpaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण/instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vilāpa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, बहुवचन, तृतीया (Instrumental plural)

• mahī-pāla: O protector of the earth (king)
• mahī-pāla: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mahī (प्रातिपदिक) + pāla (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: महीपालः; पुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, सम्बोधन (Vocative singular)

• etaiḥ: with these
• etaiḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: etad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम-विशेषण; पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, बहुवचन, तृतीया (Instrumental plural)

• dharma-bahiṣkṛtaiḥ: excluded from righteousness / irreligious
• dharma-bahiṣkṛtaiḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण of ‘vilāpaiḥ’)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dharma (प्रातिपदिक) + bahiṣkṛta (कृदन्त; √kṛ + bahis)
• Form: तत्पुरुष (relation: धर्मात् बहिष्कृताः ‘excluded from dharma’); भूतकृदन्त (past participle), पुंलिङ्ग, बहुवचन, तृतीया (Instrumental plural)

Speaker

Narada

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: Hari-vāsara (commonly Ekadashi-associated observance)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: vira

Characters & Entities

• Hari
• Vishnu

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It teaches that sincere observance of Harivāsara (Ekādaśī dedicated to Hari) is a dharmic remedy stronger than emotional grieving—redirecting the mind from helpless lamentation to devotional discipline.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

Bhakti is shown as practical commitment: honoring Hari’s sacred day through regulated conduct (vrata/niyama). Devotion is not mere feeling; it is lived as dharma-centered action.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

Kalpa (ritual discipline) is implied through vrata-rules—especially the timing and observance of Harivāsara/Ekādaśī as a prescribed religious practice.