Shloka 13

Tithi-vicara

Determination of Tithi for Fasts, Parana, and Pitri Rites

Devanagari script

हानिं च संततेर्भूपदौर्भाग्यं समवाप्नुयात् । एतच्छ्रुतं मया विप्राः कृष्णद्वैपायनात्पुरा ॥ १३ ॥

Transliteration

hāniṃ ca saṃtaterbhūpadaurbhāgyaṃ samavāpnuyāt | etacchrutaṃ mayā viprāḥ kṛṣṇadvaipāyanātpurā || 13 ||

Translation

ผู้กระทำเช่นนั้นย่อมประสบความเสื่อมแห่งวงศ์สกุล และเคราะห์ร้ายจากพระราชา (โทษทัณฑ์/ความทุกข์) โอพราหมณ์ทั้งหลาย ข้าพเจ้าเคยได้ยินถ้อยคำนี้จากกฤษณทไวปายนะ (วยาสะ) มาแต่ก่อน

Word by Word

• हानिम्: loss
• हानिम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हानि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय (conjunction)

• संततेः: of progeny/lineage
• संततेः: Shashthi-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: संतति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), एकवचन

• भूप: O king
• भूप: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भूप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th), एकवचन

• दौर्भाग्यम्: misfortune
• दौर्भाग्यम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दौर्भाग्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन

• समवाप्नुयात्: would obtain/meet with
• समवाप्नुयात्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √आप् (धातु) + अव (उपसर्ग) + सम् (उपसर्ग)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• एतत्: this
• एतत्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• श्रुतम्: heard
• श्रुतम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √श्रु (धातु) ; श्रुत (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘heard’

• मया: by me
• मया: Kartr/Agent (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: उत्तमपुरुष-सर्वनाम, तृतीया (3rd), एकवचन

• विप्राः: O brāhmaṇas
• विप्राः: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विप्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन/प्रथमा (8th/1st), बहुवचन; संबोधनार्थे (address)

• कृष्ण-द्वैपायनात्: from Kṛṣṇa Dvaipāyana (Vyāsa)
• कृष्ण-द्वैपायनात्: Apadana (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृष्ण (प्रातिपदिक) + द्वैपायन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/पञ्चमी), एकवचन; अपादान (source)

• पुरा: formerly/once
• पुरा: Kala (काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुरा (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of time)

Speaker

Narada (narrating an earlier teaching heard from Vyasa)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bhayanaka

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Characters & Entities

• Krishna-Dvaipayana (Vyasa)
• Vipras (Brahmins)
• Bhupa (King)

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It warns that adharma brings both personal suffering (loss of lineage) and worldly repercussions (misfortune connected with rulers), while also grounding the teaching in the authoritative Purāṇic lineage via Vyāsa.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

By implication, it supports bhakti-based dharma: devotion is not isolated from conduct—one’s faith must align with righteous behavior to avoid destructive karmic results affecting family and social standing.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

Not a direct Vedāṅga lesson; the practical takeaway is dharma-nīti (ethical discipline) and awareness of pratyavāya (negative consequences) that Purāṇas often attach to ritual or moral violations.