Shloka 30

Dialogue of Father and Son (Pitṛputra-saṃvāda) — Mohinī Episode

Devanagari script

कच्चिच्चापररात्रेषु सदा निद्रां विमुंचसि । निद्रा मूलमधर्मस्य निद्रा पापविवर्द्धिनी ॥ ३० ॥

Transliteration

kacciccāpararātreṣu sadā nidrāṃ vimuṃcasi | nidrā mūlamadharmasya nidrā pāpavivarddhinī || 30 ||

Translation

ท่านละทิ้งความหลับในยามท้ายแห่งราตรีอยู่เสมอหรือ? ความหลับเป็นรากแห่งอธรรม และความหลับย่อมเพิ่มพูนบาป।

Word by Word

• कच्चित्: whether? (I wonder)
• कच्चित्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/प्रश्न-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: कच्चित् (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रश्नार्थक-अव्यय (interrogative particle)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• अपररात्रेषु: in the latter part of the nights
• अपररात्रेषु: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अपर-रात्रि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/स्त्रीलिङ्ग (रात्रि-शब्दः सामान्यतः स्त्री), सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), बहुवचन; अधिकरण (locative)

• सदा: always
• सदा: Kriya-vishesana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सदा (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of time)

• निद्राम्: sleep
• निद्राम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: निद्रा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; कर्म (object)

• विमुञ्चसि: do you give up/abandon
• विमुञ्चसि: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि+मुच् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• निद्रा: sleep
• निद्रा: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: निद्रा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; कर्तृ/उद्देश्य-वाक्यविषय

• मूलम्: the root
• मूलम्: Pradhana-visheshya (प्रधान-विशेष्य/विधेय)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मूल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; विधेय (predicate nominative)

• अधर्मस्य: of unrighteousness
• अधर्मस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अधर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), एकवचन; सम्बन्ध (genitive)

• निद्रा: sleep
• निद्रा: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: निद्रा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्तृ/उद्देश्य-वाक्यविषय

• पापविवर्द्धिनी: that increases sin
• पापविवर्द्धिनी: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पाप-विवर्द्धिनी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifier) of ‘निद्रा’; पापस्य विवर्द्धिनी = ‘increaser of sin’

Speaker

Sanatkumara (instructional voice addressing Narada/seekers)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: bhakti

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It emphasizes brahma-muhūrta wakefulness as a core discipline: overcoming tamas (inertia) and strengthening dharma, because excessive sleep becomes a gateway for negligence and moral decline.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

By urging wakefulness before dawn, it indirectly prioritizes time for japa, smaraṇa, and pūjā—practices that stabilize the mind in devotion and reduce tamasic habits that obstruct bhakti.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

It aligns with Jyotiṣa-style time-awareness (night watches and auspicious brahma-muhūrta) used for planning daily sādhana and ritual timing, even though no technical Vedāṅga term is explicitly stated.