Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 120

The Explanation of Sandhyā and Related Daily Observances

Saṅdhyā-ādi Nitya-karma-Vidhi

Devanagari script

यत्र स्वीशपदं नोक्तं तत्र सर्वत्र योजयेत् । मुनिस्स्याद्दक्षिणामूर्तिर्गायत्रीछन्द ईरितम् ॥ १२० ॥

Transliteration

yatra svīśapadaṃ noktaṃ tatra sarvatra yojayet | munissyāddakṣiṇāmūrtirgāyatrīchanda īritam || 120 ||

Translation

ที่ใดมิได้กล่าวคำว่า ‘สวีศะ’ ไว้โดยตรง ที่นั่นพึงเข้าใจและเติมไว้ทุกแห่ง ฤๅษีคือ ‘ทักษิณามูรติ’ และฉันท์ประกาศว่าเป็น ‘คายตรี’

Word by Word

• यत्र: where
• यत्र: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: देशवाचक-अव्यय (relative adverb)

• स्वीश-पदम्: the word ‘svīśa’ (svīśa-pada)
• स्वीश-पदम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वीश (प्रातिपदिक) + पद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समासः—तत्पुरुष (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: ‘स्वीशस्य पदम्’); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन

• न: not
• न: Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-अव्यय (negation particle)

• उक्तम्: is stated/mentioned
• उक्तम्: Predicate (विधेय)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु) → उक्त (कृदन्त, क्त-प्रत्यय, PPP)
• Form: कृदन्त (क्त), कर्मणि; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘(पदं) उक्तम्’—predicate participle

• तत्र: there
• तत्र: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: देशवाचक-अव्यय (correlative adverb)

• सर्वत्र: everywhere
• सर्वत्र: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सर्वत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: व्याप्तिवाचक-अव्यय (universal adverb)

• योजयेत्: one should apply/add
• योजयेत्: Vidhi (विधि)
• Type: Verb
• Root: युज् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन

• मुनिः: the sage (ṛṣi)
• मुनिः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मुनि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• स्यात्: should be
• स्यात्: Predicate (विधेय)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• दक्षिणा-मूर्तिः: Dakṣiṇāmūrti
• दक्षिणा-मूर्तिः: Karta (कर्ता) / Predicate nominative
• Type: Noun
• Root: दक्षिणा (प्रातिपदिक) + मूर्ति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समासः—तत्पुरुष (कर्मधारय/षष्ठी-सम्भाव्य; परम्परया नाम); स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• गायत्री-छन्दः: the Gāyatrī metre
• गायत्री-छन्दः: Karta (कर्ता) / Predicate nominative
• Type: Noun
• Root: गायत्री (प्रातिपदिक) + छन्दस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समासः—तत्पुरुष (‘गायत्र्याः छन्दः’); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• ईरितम्: is declared
• ईरितम्: Predicate (विधेय)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ईर्/ईरय् (धातु) → ईरित (कृदन्त, क्त-प्रत्यय, PPP)
• Form: कृदन्त (क्त), कर्मणि; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘(छन्दः) ईरितम्’—declared

Speaker

Sanatkumara (in instruction to Narada, within a Vedanga-style technical exposition)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: none

Characters & Entities

• Dakṣiṇāmūrti
• Gāyatrī (Chandas)

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It teaches precision in mantra-vidhi: when a key divine epithet is implied but not written, the practitioner should understand and apply it, while also preserving correct ṛṣi (seer) and chandas (metre) attribution—both essential for disciplined upāsanā.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

By emphasizing the Lord’s name/epithet (“Svīśa”) as central even when unstated, it reinforces name-based remembrance and correct recitation—devotion expressed through careful, reverent mantra practice.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

Chandas (metre) and mantra-technical protocol: identifying the metre as Gāyatrī and fixing the mantra’s ṛṣi as Dakṣiṇāmūrti, along with the rule of supplying an implied mantra-word (pada-yoga) during recitation.