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Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 12

Varṇāśrama Saṁskāras, Upanayana Windows, Brahmacārin Ācāra, and Anadhyāya Prohibitions

गर्भैकादशमेऽब्दे तु राजन्यस्योपनायनम् । आद्वाविंशाब्दपर्यंतं कालमाहुर्विपश्चितः ॥ १२ ॥

garbhaikādaśame'bde tu rājanyasyopanāyanam | ādvāviṃśābdaparyaṃtaṃ kālamāhurvipaścitaḥ || 12 ||

สำหรับกษัตริย์วรรณะ (ราชันยะ/กษัตริยะ) พิธีอุปนยนะกำหนดไว้ในปีที่สิบเอ็ดนับจากปฏิสนธิ; บัณฑิตกล่าวว่าช่วงเวลาที่อนุญาตยืดได้ถึงอายุยี่สิบสองปี।

गर्भैकादशमेin the eleventh (year) from conception
गर्भैकादशमे:
अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Locative)
TypeAdjective
Rootगर्भ-एकादशम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन; गर्भात् एकादशमः इति पञ्चमी-तत्पुरुष (eleventh from conception) (अब्दे इति अध्याहृतम्)
अब्देin the year (of age)
अब्दे:
अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Locative)
TypeNoun
Rootअब्द (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन (locative)
तुbut
तु:
सम्बन्ध (Sambandha/Discourse)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formविशेषार्थक/विरोधार्थक-अव्यय (but/indeed)
राजन्यस्यof the kṣatriya (rājanya)
राजन्यस्य:
सम्बन्ध (Sambandha/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), एकवचन (genitive)
उपनायनम्initiation (upanayana)
उपनायनम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object; implied with आहुः)
TypeNoun
Rootउप-नी (धातु)
Formल्युट्-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त-नाम, नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन
आद्वाविंशाब्दपर्यन्तम्up to twenty-two years
आद्वाविंशाब्दपर्यन्तम्:
अवधि (Avadhi/Limit)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ-द्वा-विṃश-अब्द-पर्यन्त (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्ययीभाव-समास; अव्ययवत् प्रयोगः (adverbial limit: up to twenty-two years)
कालम्time/period
कालम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootकाल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन
आहुःthey say
आहुः:
क्रिया (Kriyā/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootअह् (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect/लिट्), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), बहुवचन; परस्मैपदम् (they say)
विपश्चितःthe learned (sages)
विपश्चितः:
कर्ता (Kartā/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootविपश्चित् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन (subject)

Sanatkumara (teaching Narada in a dharma/saṃskāra context)

Vrata: none

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: none

N
Narada

FAQs

It frames upanayana as a dharmic threshold into disciplined Vedic learning, emphasizing that spiritual education should begin within a proper life-stage window defined by śāstra.

Indirectly: by establishing eligibility and timing for Vedic training, it supports the foundation—self-discipline, mantra practice, and right conduct—through which devotion and worship mature.

Kalpa/ritual procedure is implied: the verse gives a technical rule for the samskāra calendar (age computation from conception and the upper limit for performing upanayana).