Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 43

Dvādaśī-vrata: Month-by-month Viṣṇu Worship and the Year-End Udyāpana

Devanagari script

गोमेधमखजं पुण्यं सम्पूर्णं लभते नरः । चैत्रमासे सिते पक्षे द्वादश्यां समुपोषितः ॥ ४३ ॥

Transliteration

gomedhamakhajaṃ puṇyaṃ sampūrṇaṃ labhate naraḥ | caitramāse site pakṣe dvādaśyāṃ samupoṣitaḥ || 43 ||

Translation

ผู้ใดถืออุโบสถอย่างถูกต้องในวันทวาทศี แรม? (ข้างขึ้น) เดือนไจตร ย่อมได้บุญกุศลครบถ้วนเสมือนประกอบพิธีบูชาโกเมธยัญ

Word by Word

• गोमेध-मख-जम्: born of the gomedha-sacrifice; gomedha-sacrifice-produced
• गोमेध-मख-जम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गोमेध + मख + ज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म), एकवचन; समासः—गोमेधमखात् जातम् (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष)

• पुण्यम्: meritorious, holy
• पुण्यम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पुण्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम्

• सम्पूर्णम्: complete, full
• सम्पूर्णम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम्पूर्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम्

• लभते: obtains
• लभते: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: लभ् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• नरः: a man
• नरः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (कर्ता), एकवचन

• चैत्र-मासे: in the month of Caitra
• चैत्र-मासे: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चैत्र + मास (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (अधिकरण), एकवचन; समासः—चैत्रस्य मासः (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष)

• सिते: in the bright (fortnight)
• सिते: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सित (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (पक्षे)

• पक्षे: in the fortnight
• पक्षे: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (अधिकरण), एकवचन

• द्वादश्याम्: on the twelfth lunar day
• द्वादश्याम्: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्वादशी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (अधिकरण), एकवचन

• समुपोषितः: having fasted
• समुपोषितः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम्-उप-उष् (धातु) + क्त (प्रत्यय)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त-प्रत्यय), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘उपोषित’ = उपवासं कृतवान्

Speaker

Narada

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: Dvadashi-vrata (fasting on Dvādaśī; likely within a Viṣṇu-vrata sequence)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bhakti

Secondary Rasa: shanta

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It elevates a simple, accessible vrata—fasting on Caitra-śukla Dvādaśī—by declaring it yields the full merit of a major Vedic sacrifice, showing that disciplined observance can substitute for costly rituals.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

By valuing fasting on an auspicious tithi (commonly associated with Vaiṣṇava observances), the verse frames bodily restraint and sacred-time discipline as supportive practices that deepen devotion and purity of mind.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

It relies on calendrical precision—month (Caitra), fortnight (śukla pakṣa), and tithi (Dvādaśī)—reflecting practical Jyotiṣa-style timekeeping used to schedule vrata and ritual observances.