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Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 133

Pāpa-bheda, Naraka-yātanā, Mahāpātaka-vicāra, Atonement Limits, Daśa-vidhā Bhakti, and Gaṅgā as Final Remedy

संख्यां निगदितुं लोके कः क्षमो विष्णुना विना । एतेषां सर्वपापानां धर्मशास्त्रविधानतः ॥ १३३ ॥

saṃkhyāṃ nigadituṃ loke kaḥ kṣamo viṣṇunā vinā | eteṣāṃ sarvapāpānāṃ dharmaśāstravidhānataḥ || 133 ||

ในโลกนี้ ใครเล่าจะสามารถกล่าวจำนวนบาปทั้งปวงตามบัญญัติแห่งธรรมศาสตรได้ครบถ้วน นอกจากพระวิษณุเท่านั้น?

saṃkhyāmenumeration, counting
saṃkhyām:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootsaṃkhyā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)
nigaditumto declare, to state
nigaditum:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन/उद्देश्य)
TypeVerb
Rootni+gad (धातु)
Formतुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त (Infinitive), क्रियार्थक-अव्यय (verbal infinitive), ‘to state/declare’
lokein the world
loke:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootloka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), एकवचन (Singular)
kaḥwho?
kaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootkim (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular), प्रश्नवाचक-सर्वनाम (interrogative pronoun)
kṣamaḥcapable, competent
kṣamaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootkṣama (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
viṣṇunāby/with Vishnu
viṣṇunā:
Sahakari/Instrument (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootviṣṇu (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन (Singular)
vināwithout
vinā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/अपादानार्थ-निषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvinā (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (Indeclinable), उपसर्गसदृश-निपात (particle/preposition), ‘without’ (takes तृतीया/Instrumental)
eteṣāmof these
eteṣām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine) (सामान्यतः), षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), बहुवचन (Plural), सर्वनाम (pronoun)
sarva-pāpānāmof all sins
sarva-pāpānām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootsarva (प्रातिपदिक) + pāpa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter) (pāpa), षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), बहुवचन (Plural); कर्मधारय-समासः (‘all’ qualifying ‘sins’)
dharma-śāstra-vidhānataḥaccording to the prescriptions of dharma-śāstra
dharma-śāstra-vidhānataḥ:
Hetu (हेतु)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootdharma (प्रातिपदिक) + śāstra (प्रातिपदिक) + vidhāna (प्रातिपदिक) + -tas (तसिल्/अव्ययप्रत्यय)
Formतसिल्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (ablatival adverb: ‘from/according to’); तत्पुरुष-समासः (dharmaśāstra-vidhāna = ‘ordinance/prescription of dharma-śāstra’)

Sanatkumara (teaching Narada in the dialogue setting)

Vrata: none

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: bhakti

V
Vishnu

FAQs

It emphasizes that the full scope and accounting of sin (pāpa) is ultimately beyond ordinary beings; only Viṣṇu, as the omniscient Lord, can truly encompass it—pointing the seeker toward divine reliance rather than pride in mere cataloging.

By declaring Viṣṇu alone as fully competent, the verse implicitly elevates surrender and devotion to Viṣṇu as the sure foundation, even when Dharma-śāstra discussions of sin and rule-based conduct become vast and complex.

It highlights Dharma-śāstra vidhi (scriptural injunction methodology): classification and regulation of conduct and sin, while also noting the epistemic limit—complete enumeration is not practically attainable for humans.