Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 49

Jyotiṣa-saṅgraha: Varga-vibhāga, Bala-nirṇaya, Garbha-phala, Āyuḥ-gaṇanā

Devanagari script

तन्वस्तसंस्थयोर्भौमरव्योः शस्रभवः क्षयः । यन्मासाधिपतिर्नष्टस्तन्मासं संस्रवे त्यजेत् ॥ ४९ ॥

Transliteration

tanvastasaṃsthayorbhaumaravyoḥ śasrabhavaḥ kṣayaḥ | yanmāsādhipatirnaṣṭastanmāsaṃ saṃsrave tyajet || 49 ||

Translation

เมื่ออังคารและอาทิตย์อยู่ในฐานะ ‘ตันวัสตะ’ และ ‘สังสถะ’ ย่อมเกิดความเสื่อมสูญอันรุนแรงจากอาวุธ และหากเจ้าแห่งเดือนใดถูกทำร้ายหรือประหนึ่ง “ดับ” ควรละเว้นเดือนนั้นจากพิธีกรรมและกิจสำคัญ

Word by Word

• tanu-asta-saṃsthayoḥ: of (planets) placed in the 1st and 7th houses
• tanu-asta-saṃsthayoḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tanu (प्रातिपदिक) + asta (प्रातिपदिक) + saṃstha (स्था-धातुज, प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), षष्ठी (genitive, 6th), द्विवचन (dual); तत्पुरुष: तनौ (1st) अस्ते (7th) संस्थः—(those) placed in 1st and 7th

• bhauma-ravyoḥ: of Mars and the Sun
• bhauma-ravyoḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhauma (प्रातिपदिक) + ravi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), षष्ठी (genitive, 6th), द्विवचन (dual); द्वन्द्व-समास

• śastra-bhavaḥ: arising from weapons
• śastra-bhavaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Predicate-noun)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śastra (प्रातिपदिक) + bhava (भू-धातुज, प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा (nominative, 1st), एकवचन (singular); तत्पुरुष: शस्त्रात् भवः (arising from weapons)

• kṣayaḥ: destruction/ruin
• kṣayaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Predicate-noun)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kṣaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा (nominative, 1st), एकवचन (singular)

• yat: which
• yat: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Relative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter), यद्-प्रत्यय (relative pronoun), प्रथमा/द्वितीया (nom/acc), एकवचन (singular); here correlating with तत्

• māsa-adhipatiḥ: the lord of the month
• māsa-adhipatiḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: māsa (प्रातिपदिक) + adhipati (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा (nominative, 1st), एकवचन (singular); तत्पुरुष: मासस्य अधिपतिः (lord of the month)

• naṣṭaḥ: afflicted/lost
• naṣṭaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: naṣṭa (नश्-धातु, कृदन्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा (nominative, 1st), एकवचन (singular); भूतकृदन्त (past participle)

• tat: that
• tat: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter), द्वितीया (accusative, 2nd), एकवचन (singular); correlating with यत्

• māsam: month
• māsam: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: māsa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), द्वितीया (accusative, 2nd), एकवचन (singular)

• saṃsrave: in (that) perilous/inauspicious time
• saṃsrave: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Time-Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: saṃsrava (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), सप्तमी (locative, 7th), एकवचन (singular); अर्थे: संस्रव-काल/अवसर (at the time of danger/inauspicious flow)

• tyajet: should abandon/avoid
• tyajet: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √tyaj (त्यज्-धातु, धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (singular); परस्मैपद

Speaker

Narada (in dialogue context with Sanatkumara tradition; technical instruction on omens/time)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bhayanaka (fear)

Secondary Rasa: vira (heroic)

Characters & Entities

• Mars (Bhauma)
• Sun (Ravi)

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It teaches discernment in dharmic living: one should align important undertakings with auspicious time, avoiding periods marked by planetary affliction that signal harm and loss.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

While not directly a bhakti verse, it supports devotional discipline by advising devotees to perform vows and rites in proper, untroubled time—so worship and vrata are done with steadiness rather than disturbance.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

Jyotiṣa (Vedāṅga astrology): assessing planetary conditions (Mars and Sun) and the month’s ruler (māsa-adhipati) to decide whether a month is fit for commencing rituals, travel, or major actions.