Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 80

Jyotiṣa-śāstra Saṅgraha: Threefold Division, Gaṇita Methods, Muhūrta, and Planetary Reckoning

Devanagari script

सप्तिभिः क्षपितः शेषः मूर्याद्योवासरेश्वरः । मासाब्ददिनसंख्यासंद्वित्रिघ्नं रूपसंयुतम् ॥ ८० ॥

Transliteration

saptibhiḥ kṣapitaḥ śeṣaḥ mūryādyovāsareśvaraḥ | māsābdadinasaṃkhyāsaṃdvitrighnaṃ rūpasaṃyutam || 80 ||

Translation

เมื่อนำเศษไปหารด้วยเจ็ด จะได้เจ้าแห่งวัน (วาราธิป) โดยเริ่มจากสุริยะคือวันอาทิตย์ จากนั้นนำจำนวนเดือน ปี และวันมาคำนวณ แล้วคูณสองหรือคูณสามตามสมควร จึงได้ค่าที่ต้องการ

Word by Word

• saptibhiḥ: by sevens / by the number seven
• saptibhiḥ: Karana (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sapti (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन (Plural)

• kṣapitaḥ: reduced/diminished
• kṣapitaḥ: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kṣap (धातु) + kta (कृदन्त प्रत्यय)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (past passive participle, क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)

• śeṣaḥ: remainder
• śeṣaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śeṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)

• mūrya-ādiḥ: (the set) beginning with mūrya
• mūrya-ādiḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mūrya (प्रातिपदिक) + ādi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular); ‘…-ādi’ = beginning with mūrya

• vā: or
• vā: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vā (अव्यय)
• Form: विकल्पार्थक-अव्यय (disjunctive particle: or)

• āsara-īśvaraḥ: lord of the day (day-ruler)
• āsara-īśvaraḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: āsara (प्रातिपदिक) + īśvara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular); तत्पुरुषः

• māsa-abda-dina-saṃkhyā: the count of months, years, and days
• māsa-abda-dina-saṃkhyā: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: māsa (प्रातिपदिक) + abda (प्रातिपदिक) + dina (प्रातिपदिक) + saṃkhyā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd; context-dependent), एकवचन (Singular); तत्पुरुषः = ‘count of months-years-days’

• saṃ-dvi-tri-ghnam: multiplied by two and three (sixfold)
• saṃ-dvi-tri-ghnam: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: saṃ (उपसर्ग) + dvi (संख्या) + tri (संख्या) + ghna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन (Singular); तत्पुरुषः = ‘multiplied by 2 and 3 (i.e., by 6) together’

• rūpa-saṃyutam: endowed with a form/figure (digit)
• rūpa-saṃyutam: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: rūpa (प्रातिपदिक) + saṃyuta (कृदन्त, क्त)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन (Singular); तत्पुरुषः; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त = ‘endowed with’

Speaker

Sanatkumara (in instruction to Narada on technical computation within dharma/vidya context)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: none

Characters & Entities

• Surya

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It shows that dharma and vrata are to be practiced with clarity and correctness, using Jyotiṣa-style calculation to align actions with sacred time (kāla), which supports disciplined spiritual life.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

While not directly praising bhakti, it supports devotion by giving a method to determine proper days (vāsara) and timings for worship, vows, and observances—helping devotees perform practices in an orderly, tradition-aligned way.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

Vedāṅga Jyotiṣa: determining the weekday ruler by dividing a remainder by seven, and using month/year/day counts with prescribed multipliers (two or three) to complete calendrical calculations.