Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 145

Jyotiṣa-śāstra Saṅgraha: Threefold Division, Gaṇita Methods, Muhūrta, and Planetary Reckoning

Devanagari script

त्रिभद्युकर्णार्द्धगुणा स्वाहोरात्रार्द्धभाजिताः । क्रमादेकद्वित्रिभघाज्या तच्चापानि पृथक् पृथक् ॥ १४५ ॥

Transliteration

tribhadyukarṇārddhaguṇā svāhorātrārddhabhājitāḥ | kramādekadvitribhaghājyā taccāpāni pṛthak pṛthak || 145 ||

Translation

หน่วยเหล่านี้คำนวณโดยแบ่งเป็นสามส่วน คูณด้วยตัวคูณ “ครรณะ-ครึ่งหนึ่ง” แล้วหารด้วยครึ่งหนึ่งของค่ากลางวันกลางคืนของตนเอง จากนั้นตามลำดับจะได้มาตรา ‘ฆะ’ แบบหนึ่งส่วน สองส่วน และสามส่วน; และส่วนโค้ง/ส่วนแบ่งที่สอดคล้องกันต้องแยกเก็บเป็นแต่ละส่วน

Word by Word

• त्रि-भ-द्यु-कर्ण-अर्द्ध-गुणाः: multiplied by (the coded factors) tri-b-dyu-karṇa-half
• त्रि-भ-द्यु-कर्ण-अर्द्ध-गुणाः: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: त्रि (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक) + भ (प्रातिपदिक/संकेताक्षर) + द्यु (प्रातिपदिक/संकेताक्षर) + कर्ण (प्रातिपदिक) + अर्द्ध (प्रातिपदिक) + गुण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; बहुपद-समासः (संख्यादि-निर्देशात्मक), ‘गुण’ = ‘multiplied by’; विशेषणत्वेन

• स्व-आहोरात्र-अर्द्ध-भाजिताः: divided by half of the (own) day-night measure
• स्व-आहोरात्र-अर्द्ध-भाजिताः: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्व (प्रातिपदिक) + अहोरात्र (प्रातिपदिक) + अर्द्ध (प्रातिपदिक) + भाजित (कृदन्त; √भज् धातु, णिच्/कर्मणि ‘divided’)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; क्त/PPP ‘भाजित’ = ‘विभक्त/भाजित’; तत्पुरुषः (अहोरात्रस्य अर्द्धेन भाजिताः)

• क्रमात्: successively/in order
• क्रमात्: Adverbial (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: क्रम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय; तसिल्-प्रत्ययान्त (Ablatival adverb) = ‘in order/ क्रमशः’

• एक-द्वि-त्रि-भ-घ-अज्याः: having addends (coded) as 1,2,3, bh, gha
• एक-द्वि-त्रि-भ-घ-अज्याः: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: एक (संख्या) + द्वि (संख्या) + त्रि (संख्या) + भ (संकेत) + घ (संकेत) + अज्य (प्रातिपदिक; ‘to be added/added quantity’)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; बहुपद-समासः (संख्यादि-निर्देशात्मक) ‘अज्य’ = ‘आज्य/आज्य’ (here: addends) विशेषणत्वेन

• तत्: that
• तत्: Anaphoric (सम्बन्ध/निर्देश)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• च: and
• च: Connector (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• आपानि: (the) arcs/values (āpāni)
• आपानि: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• पृथक्: separately
• पृथक्: Adverbial (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पृथक् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (adverb)

• पृथक्: each separately
• पृथक्: Adverbial (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पृथक् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; पुनरुक्ति-प्रयोग (emphatic repetition)

Speaker

Sanatkumara (teaching Narada in a technical-ritual context)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: none

Characters & Entities

• Narada
• Sanatkumara

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It emphasizes precision and order in dharmic practice—right observance is supported by correct measures and clear distinctions, which steadies the mind for higher aims like moksha.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

Indirectly: by insisting on disciplined, well-defined observance, it supports the devotional life where vows, worship timings, and ritual schedules are kept accurately as an offering.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

A Vedanga-like focus on technical computation of time/measure units used in ritual scheduling—stepwise multiplication/division and keeping distinct ‘parts’ for accurate application.