Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 112

Jyotiṣa-śāstra Saṅgraha: Threefold Division, Gaṇita Methods, Muhūrta, and Planetary Reckoning

Devanagari script

मांद्यं कर्मैकमर्केंद्वोर्भौद्वोर्भौमादीनामाथोच्यते । शैध्र्यं माद्यं पुनर्मांद्यं शैघ्र्यं चत्वार्यनुक्रमात् ॥ ११२ ॥

Transliteration

māṃdyaṃ karmaikamarkeṃdvorbhaudvorbhaumādīnāmāthocyate | śaidhryaṃ mādyaṃ punarmāṃdyaṃ śaighryaṃ catvāryanukramāt || 112 ||

Translation

บัดนี้กล่าวถึงกรรม (วิธีคำนวณ) เดียวชื่อ ‘มานทยะ’ (māṃdya ความเชื่องช้า) สำหรับพระอาทิตย์และพระจันทร์ รวมทั้งดาวพุธ ดาวศุกร์ ดาวอังคารและอื่น ๆ โดยลำดับมีสี่สภาวะคือ ไศธรียะ, มาทยะ, มานทยะ และ ไศฆรียะ

Word by Word

• मांद्यम्: slowness (māndya)
• मांद्यम्: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मांद्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन

• कर्म-एकम्: one operation
• कर्म-एकम्: विधेय (Predicate nominal/विधेय)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक) + एक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; कर्मधारय: ‘एकं कर्म’ = one operation

• अर्क-इन्द्वोः: of the Sun and Moon
• अर्क-इन्द्वोः: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्क (प्रातिपदिक) + इन्दु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी द्विवचन; द्वन्द्व (समाहार/इतरेतर): ‘of the Sun and the Moon’

• भौ-द्वोः: of the two ‘Bhau’ planets
• भौ-द्वोः: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भौ (प्रातिपदिक; ‘Mercury’/‘Venus’ depending tradition) + द्वि (संख्याप्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी द्विवचन; ‘of the two Bhau-s’ (two planets so designated)

• भौम-आदीनाम्: of Mars and others
• भौम-आदीनाम्: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भौम (प्रातिपदिक) + आदि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी बहुवचन; ‘of Mars etc.’

• अथ: then/now
• अथ: सम्बन्ध (Discourse/अनुक्रम)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अनुक्रम/आरम्भसूचक (sequencing particle)

• उच्यते: is stated
• उच्यते: क्रिया (Predicate/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वच् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (वर्तमान), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; कर्मणि प्रयोगः (passive): ‘is said’

• शैध्र्यम्: śaidhrya (a quantity)
• शैध्र्यम्: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शैध्र्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन

• माद्यम्: mādya (a quantity)
• माद्यम्: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: माद्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन

• पुनः: again
• पुनः: सम्बन्ध (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुनः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; पुनरुक्ति/पुनरावृत्ति (adverb)

• मांद्यम्: māndya
• मांद्यम्: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मांद्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन

• शैघ्र्यम्: śaighrya (swiftness)
• शैघ्र्यम्: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शैघ्र्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन

• चत्वारि: four (items)
• चत्वारि: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चतुर् (संख्याप्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया बहुवचन; संख्या

• अनुक्रमात्: in sequence
• अनुक्रमात्: सम्बन्ध (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अनुक्रम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी एकवचन; अव्ययीभाववत् क्रियाविशेषणार्थे: ‘in order/ क्रमशः’

Speaker

Sanatkumara (teaching Narada in a technical/śāstric register)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: none

Characters & Entities

• Surya
• Chandra
• Mangala
• Budha
• Shukra

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

Even within Moksha-dharma, the Purana preserves Vedāṅga knowledge: understanding time (kāla) and planetary dynamics is presented as part of disciplined living, supporting dharma and steadiness of mind on the path to liberation.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

Indirectly: by classifying changing conditions (slowness/swiftness etc.) it frames worldly fluctuations as knowable and orderly, encouraging the devotee to remain anchored in devotion rather than being shaken by perceived ups and downs of time.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

Vedāṅga Jyotiṣa: a technical categorization of planetary motion/behavior—four sequential states (śaidhrya, mādya, māṃdya, śaighrya) used in astronomical/astrological computation related to graha-gati.