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Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 48

Nirukta, Phonetic Variants, and Vedic Dhātu–Svara Taxonomy

द्वाविँशतिरिहोद्दिष्टा धातवो ह्वादिके गणे । परस्मैपदिनः प्रोक्ता दिवाद्याः पंचविंशतिः ॥ ४८ ॥

dvāviṃśatirihoddiṣṭā dhātavo hvādike gaṇe | parasmaipadinaḥ proktā divādyāḥ paṃcaviṃśatiḥ || 48 ||

ในที่นี้ได้แจกแจงธาตุยี่สิบสองในหมวด “หวาทิกะ” และธาตุยี่สิบห้าที่ขึ้นต้นด้วย “ทิวาทิ” กล่าวกันว่าเป็น “ปรัสไมปท” (รูปกริยาแบบใช้ปัจจัยฝ่ายกระทำ)॥๔๘॥

द्वाविंशतिःtwenty-two
द्वाविंशतिः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootद्वाविंशति (संख्याशब्द/प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (संख्यावाचक: 22)
इहhere
इह:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Locative sense)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह (अव्यय)
Formदेशवाचक-अव्यय (adverb: ‘here/in this context’)
उद्दिष्टाःare indicated
उद्दिष्टाः:
Kriya (क्रिया/Predicative)
TypeVerb
Rootउद्-दिश् (धातु)
Formकृदन्त—क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘enumerated/indicated’
धातवःverbal roots
धातवः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootधातु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
ह्वादिकेin the hvādi (class)
ह्वादिके:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeAdjective
Rootह्वादिक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन; ‘hvādi’ class-related
गणेin the group/class
गणे:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootगण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन
परस्मैपदिनःparasmaipada (verbs)
परस्मैपदिनः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootपरस्मैपदिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
प्रोक्ताःare declared
प्रोक्ताः:
Kriya (क्रिया/Predicative)
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-उच् (धातु)
Formकृदन्त—क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘said/declared’
दिव-आद्याःthose beginning with ‘div’
दिव-आद्याः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootदिव (धातु/प्रातिपदिक-नाम) + आदि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; आदि-तत्पुरुष (‘beginning with div’)
पञ्चविंशतिःtwenty-five
पञ्चविंशतिः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootपञ्चविंशति (संख्याशब्द/प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (25)

Narada

Vrata: none

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: none

N
Narada

FAQs

It highlights Vyākaraṇa (grammar) as a Vedaṅga: precise knowledge of language supports correct understanding and transmission of Dharma-oriented teachings.

Indirectly: by emphasizing disciplined Vedic study (like dhātu-classes and usage), it supports accurate recitation and comprehension of sacred texts that nourish Viṣṇu-bhakti and right practice.

Vyākaraṇa: classification of verbal roots (dhātus) into gaṇas and their pada-usage (Parasmaipada), a practical framework for correct Sanskrit forms in study and ritual recitation.