Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 34

Nirukta, Phonetic Variants, and Vedic Dhātu–Svara Taxonomy

Devanagari script

कितधातुरुदात्तेञ्च दानशानोभयात्मकौ । स्वरितेतः पचाद्यंकाः परस्मैपदिनो मताः ॥ ३४ ॥

Transliteration

kitadhāturudātteñca dānaśānobhayātmakau | svaritetaḥ pacādyaṃkāḥ parasmaipadino matāḥ || 34 ||

Translation

รากที่มีเครื่องหมาย ‘kiṭ’ และรากที่เป็นอุทาตตะ สอนว่าเป็นอุภยปทะ (ใช้ได้ทั้งสองเสียง). แต่รากที่เป็นสวริตะ และรากในหมวด pac-ādi ถือว่าเป็นปรัสไมปทะ

Word by Word

• कितधातुः: the kit-class root(s)
• कितधातुः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कित-धातु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समासः: तत्पुरुष (कित् + धातु), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• उदात्ते: in the udātta (accent)
• उदात्ते: अधिकरण (Adhikarana/Locative)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उदात्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; ‘in/with udātta’ (accent-context)

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Conjunctive)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, समुच्चयबोधक (conjunction)

• दान: (the root) dā / giving
• दान: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दा (धातु; दान-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: धातुनाम/नामधातु-निर्देश, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन (धातु-नामरूपे)

• शान: (the root) śā
• शान: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शा (धातु; शान-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: धातुनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• उभयात्मकौ: of both kinds (i.e., both pada-s)
• उभयात्मकौ: विशेषण (Adjectival to दान, शान)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उभय-आत्मक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समासः: तत्पुरुष (उभय + आत्मक), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), द्विवचन; विशेषण

• स्वरितेतः: marked with svarita-it
• स्वरितेतः: विशेषण (Adjectival)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्वरित-इत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समासः: तत्पुरुष (स्वरित + इत), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; विशेषण

• पचाद्यङ्काः: the set beginning with pac (as members)
• पचाद्यङ्काः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पच-आदि-अङ्क (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: समासः: तत्पुरुष (पच + आदि + अङ्क), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन

• परस्मैपदिनः: parasmaipada
• परस्मैपदिनः: विशेषण (Adjectival to ‘पचाद्यङ्काः’)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परस्मैपदिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; विशेषण

• मताः: are considered
• मताः: क्रियापद (Predicate/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: मत (कृदन्त; √मन् धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; ‘are considered’

Speaker

Sanatkumara (teaching Narada the Vedanga of Vyakarana)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: none

Characters & Entities

• Narada
• Sanatkumara

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It highlights that precise Vedic speech—knowing accents and grammatical voice—supports correct mantra usage and disciplined study, which the Purana presents as an aid to dharma and inner purification on the moksha path.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

Indirectly: devotion is strengthened when recitation and worship are performed correctly. This grammatical guidance safeguards the accuracy of sacred utterance used in Vishnu-bhakti practices.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

Vyakarana and Shiksha: how Vedic accents (udātta/svarita) and root-class markers relate to verb voice (parasmaipada vs ubhayapada), a practical rule-set for correct conjugation and recitation.