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Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 61

Vyākaraṇa-saṅgraha: Pada–Vibhakti–Kāraka–Lakāra–Samāsa

जानुमात्रं च निर्द्धारे बहूनां च द्वयोः क्रमात् । कतमः कतरः संख्येयविशेषावधारणे ॥ ६१ ॥

jānumātraṃ ca nirddhāre bahūnāṃ ca dvayoḥ kramāt | katamaḥ kataraḥ saṃkhyeyaviśeṣāvadhāraṇe || 61 ||

ในการกำหนดขนาดใช้คำว่า ‘สูงเพียงเข่า’ และในการจัดลำดับของหลายสิ่ง รวมทั้งการเทียบลำดับของสองสิ่ง ใช้คำว่า ‘กตมะ’ และ ‘กตระ’ เพื่อชี้เฉพาะสิ่งหนึ่งในบรรดาทางเลือกที่นับได้

jānu-mātramknee-sized; as much as the knee
jānu-mātram:
Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootjānu (प्रातिपदिक) + mātra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom/Acc), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः—‘knee-measure’ = as much as the knee
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; conjunction
nirddhārein (the sense of) selection/determination
nirddhāre:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Locative)
TypeNoun
Rootnirddhāra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग (प्रयोगे), सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; अर्थे—‘in selection/determination (of one out of many)’
bahūnāmof many
bahūnām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootbahu (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; conjunction
dvayoḥof two
dvayoḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootdvi (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), द्विवचन
kramātin order; sequentially
kramāt:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkrama (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपञ्चमी-अर्थे तसिल्-लोपप्रायः/अव्ययीभाववत् प्रयोगः; ‘in order/according to sequence’ (ablatival sense ‘from/according to order’)
katamaḥwhich (one) among many?
katamaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootkatama (प्रातिपदिक; interrogative superlative)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; प्रश्नवाचक—‘which one (among many)?’
kataraḥwhich (of two)?
kataraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootkatara (प्रातिपदिक; interrogative comparative)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; प्रश्नवाचक—‘which of the two?’
saṃkhyeya-viśeṣa-avadhāraṇein determining a specific number
saṃkhyeya-viśeṣa-avadhāraṇe:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Locative)
TypeNoun
Rootsaṃkhyeya (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक) + viśeṣa (प्रातिपदिक) + avadhāraṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः—‘in the determination (avadhāraṇa) of a specific number (saṃkhyeya-viśeṣa)’

Sanatkumara (teaching Narada in a technical/vedanga-style exposition)

Vrata: none

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: none

FAQs

It emphasizes precision in śāstric language—clear determination (avadhāraṇa) of meaning supports correct understanding of Dharma and, ultimately, right knowledge conducive to Moksha.

Indirectly: Bhakti traditions rely on accurate transmission of mantras, names, and teachings; this verse highlights the grammatical clarity needed to preserve and interpret devotional instructions without ambiguity.

Vyākaraṇa (Sanskrit grammar): it notes usage principles for measurement-terms (like ‘jānumātra’) and for selection among alternatives using katama (among many) and katara (among two).