Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 56

Vyākaraṇa-saṅgraha: Pada–Vibhakti–Kāraka–Lakāra–Samāsa

Devanagari script

वाचालश्चैव वाचाटो बहुकुत्सितभाषिणि । ईषदपरिसमाप्तौ कल्पव्देशीय एव च ॥ ५६ ॥

Transliteration

vācālaścaiva vācāṭo bahukutsitabhāṣiṇi | īṣadaparisamāptau kalpavdeśīya eva ca || 56 ||

Translation

บุคคลเช่นนี้เรียกว่า “วาจาละ” และ “วาจาฏะ”; คือผู้กล่าวถ้อยคำอันน่าติเตียนมากมาย. ผู้ที่ทิ้งถ้อยคำให้ค้างคาเล็กน้อย และผู้ที่พูดราวกับให้เพียงคำชี้แนะตามการคาดเดา เรียกว่า “กัลปเทศียะ”.

Word by Word

• vācālaḥ: talkative
• vācālaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vācāla (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; विशेषणम्

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक)

• eva: indeed
• eva: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निपात), emphasis

• vācāṭaḥ: garrulous / noisy-tongued
• vācāṭaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vācāṭa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; विशेषणम्

• bahu-kutsita-bhāṣiṇi: in one who speaks much that is censurable
• bahu-kutsita-bhāṣiṇi: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bahu + kutsita + bhāṣiṇī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular; समासः—बहु-कुत्सित-भाषिणी (तत्पुरुषः; ‘speaking much that is blameworthy’); ‘in (a person) who speaks much blameworthy speech’

• īṣat-aparisamāptau: in slight incompleteness
• īṣat-aparisamāptau: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: īṣat (अव्यय) + aparisamāpti (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular; अव्ययीभावः—ईषत् + अपरिसमाप्ति = ‘in slight incompleteness’

• kalpa-deśīyaḥ: somewhat fitting / approximately proper
• kalpa-deśīyaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kalpa + deśīya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; समासः—कल्प-देशीय (तत्पुरुषः)

• eva: indeed
• eva: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निपात), emphasis

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक)

Speaker

Sanatkumara (teaching Narada on disciplines conducive to Moksha Dharma)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: hasya

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It identifies subtle defects of speech—idle chatter, contemptible talk, half-finished statements, and speculative ‘instruction’—as obstacles to clarity, truthfulness, and inner steadiness needed for Moksha Dharma.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

Bhakti is strengthened by mindful speech: avoiding harsh or pointless words preserves purity of heart and steadies the mind for japa, kirtana, and remembrance of Vishnu.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

The verse implicitly supports disciplined vāṅmaya (speech) aligned with Vyākaraṇa (correct expression) and Śikṣā (proper articulation), emphasizing complete, truthful, and non-harmful communication.