Śreyas and Paramārtha: The Ribhu–Nidāgha Teaching on Non-Dual Self
Advaita
सितनीलादिभेदेन यथैकं दृश्यते नभः । भ्रांतदृष्टिभिरात्मापि तथैकः सन्पृथक् पृथक् ॥ ९० ॥
sitanīlādibhedena yathaikaṃ dṛśyate nabhaḥ | bhrāṃtadṛṣṭibhirātmāpi tathaikaḥ sanpṛthak pṛthak || 90 ||
ดุจท้องฟ้าอันเดียวถูกเห็นว่าแตกต่างเป็นขาว น้ำเงิน เป็นต้น ฉันใด อาตมันก็ฉันนั้น แม้เป็นหนึ่งเดียว แต่ผู้มีทัศนะหลงผิดกลับเห็นว่าแยกเป็นหลายส่วน
Sanatkumara (teaching Narada)
Vrata: none
Primary Rasa: shanta
Secondary Rasa: adbhuta
It teaches non-dual insight: the Self is one, but due to भ्रम (bhrānti, delusion) it is perceived as many—like the single sky seeming to have different colors.
By removing mistaken perception, devotion becomes purified: the devotee learns to see one divine Reality behind all names and forms, strengthening single-pointed bhakti rather than fragmented attachment.
No specific Vedanga (like Vyakarana or Jyotisha) is taught here; the practical takeaway is viveka—discriminating between reality (one Atman) and appearance (many due to deluded vision).