Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 94

Sṛṣṭi-pralaya-kathana: Mahābhūta-guṇāḥ, Vṛkṣa-indriya-vādaḥ, Prāṇa-vāyu-vyavasthā

Devanagari script

उष्णः शीतः सुखं दुःखं स्निग्धो विशद एव च । तथा खरो मृदुः श्लक्ष्णो लवुर्गुरुतरोऽपि च ॥ ९४ ॥

Transliteration

uṣṇaḥ śītaḥ sukhaṃ duḥkhaṃ snigdho viśada eva ca | tathā kharo mṛduḥ ślakṣṇo lavurgurutaro'pi ca || 94 ||

Translation

มันเป็นได้ทั้งร้อนและเย็น เป็นได้ทั้งสุขและทุกข์ เป็นได้ทั้งมันลื่นและใสสะอาด อีกทั้งเป็นได้ทั้งหยาบและอ่อนนุ่ม เรียบเนียน เบา และแม้กระทั่งหนัก

Word by Word

• उष्णः: hot
• उष्णः: Samānādhikaraṇa (समानाधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उष्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण (स्पर्शस्य)

• शीतः: cold
• शीतः: Samānādhikaraṇa (समानाधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शीत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण

• सुखम्: pleasure
• सुखम्: Samānādhikaraṇa (समानाधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुख (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom/Acc), एकवचन; भाववाचक

• दुःखम्: pain
• दुःखम्: Samānādhikaraṇa (समानाधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुःख (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; भाववाचक

• स्निग्धः: unctuous/oily
• स्निग्धः: Samānādhikaraṇa (समानाधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्निग्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण

• विशदः: clear/non-slimy
• विशदः: Samānādhikaraṇa (समानाधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विशद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण

• एव: indeed
• एव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अवधारणार्थक निपात (particle: indeed/just)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक (and)

• तथा: likewise
• तथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; प्रकार/अनुक्रमवाचक (thus/also)

• खरः: rough/harsh
• खरः: Samānādhikaraṇa (समानाधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: खर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण

• मृदुः: soft
• मृदुः: Samānādhikaraṇa (समानाधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मृदु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण

• श्लक्ष्णः: smooth
• श्लक्ष्णः: Samānādhikaraṇa (समानाधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: श्लक्ष्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण

• लघुः: light
• लघुः: Samānādhikaraṇa (समानाधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: लघु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण

• गुरुतरः: heavier
• गुरुतरः: Samānādhikaraṇa (समानाधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गुरु (प्रातिपदिक) + तर (तद्धित/प्रत्यय)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तुलनात्मक (comparative)

• अपि: also/even
• अपि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय/अपेक्षार्थक निपात (also/even)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक (and)

Speaker

Sanatkumara (teaching Narada)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: none

Characters & Entities

• Narada
• Sanatkumara

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

The verse lists paired opposites (dvandvas) experienced through the body and senses, pointing to their changeable nature so the seeker cultivates detachment and steadiness on the path to moksha.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

By recognizing that bodily states swing between opposites (hot/cold, pleasure/pain, light/heavy), a devotee learns not to anchor identity in them and instead keeps the mind fixed on the Lord with equanimity.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

No specific Vedanga technique is taught in this verse; it is primarily a moksha-dharma teaching using analytical classification of experiential qualities to support viveka (discrimination) and vairagya (dispassion).