Shloka 7

Adhyaya 75Slaying of Mahishasura

ततो विषण्णमनसा ऋतवागिदमुक्तवान् ।

अपुत्रता मनुष्याणां श्रेयसे न कुपुत्रता ॥

tato viṣaṇṇa-manasā ṛtavāg idam uktavān | aputratā manuṣyāṇāṃ śreyase na kuputratā ||

แล้วฤตวาก ผู้มีใจหดหู่กล่าวว่า ‘เพื่อความผาสุกของมนุษย์ ความไร้บุตรยังประเสริฐกว่าได้บุตรชั่ว’

tataḥthen
tataḥ:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottataḥ (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, 'then/thereupon' (temporal adverb)
viṣaṇṇa-manasāwith a dejected mind
viṣaṇṇa-manasā:
Karana (करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootviṣaṇṇa (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक) + manas (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (manas), तृतीया (3rd), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: 'viṣaṇṇam manaḥ yasya/with dejected mind' used adverbially 'with a dejected mind'
ṛta-vākthe truth-speaking one
ṛta-vāk:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootṛta (प्रातिपदिक) + vāc (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; बहुव्रीहि: 'ṛtā vāk yasya' = whose speech is true
idamthis
idam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन
uktavānsaid
uktavān:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (धातु) → ukta (कृदन्त) + vān (प्रत्यय)
Formकृत्-प्रत्ययान्त (क्तवतु/क्तवन्), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; perfective participle 'having said' functioning as finite predicate with implied 'was'
a-putratāchildlessness
a-putratā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roota- (नञ्) + putratā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; अभाववाचक (negation)
manuṣyāṇāmof men/people
manuṣyāṇām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootmanuṣya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), बहुवचन
śreyasefor welfare
śreyase:
Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootśreyas (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (4th), एकवचन; 'for the good/betterment'
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, निषेध (negation particle)
ku-putratāhaving a bad son
ku-putratā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootku- (दुष्/कु- उपसर्ग) + putratā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; 'bad son-hood' i.e., having a bad son
Ṛtavāk (quoted within Mārkaṇḍeya’s narration)
DharmaFamily ethicsProgeny and responsibilityMoral psychology

FAQs

The verse prioritizes quality of character over mere continuation of lineage. In dharma terms, progeny is a duty and blessing only when aligned with śīla; otherwise it becomes a source of pāpa and social harm.

Vaṃśānucarita with a didactic (nīti) insertion; still in service of Manvantara narration.

‘Son’ can be read as ‘one’s produced outcome’ (karma-phala). The teaching becomes: better to produce nothing than to produce harmful results—an inward warning about intention and ethical creativity.