Shloka 1

Adhyaya 61 — The Second Manvantara Begins: The Brahmin’s Swift Journey and Varuthini’s Temptation on Himavat

Sanskrit

कrauष्टुकिरुवाच

कथितं भवता सम्यग् यत् पृष्टोऽसि महामुने ।

भूसमुद्रादिसंस्थानं प्रमाणानि तथा ग्रहाः ॥

Transliteration

krauṣṭukir uvāca

kathitaṃ bhavatā samyag yat pṛṣṭo 'si mahāmune |

bhū-samudrādi-saṃsthānaṃ pramāṇāni tathā grahāḥ ||

Translation

ครौษฏุกิกล่าวว่า: ข้าแต่มหาฤๅษีผู้เจริญ ท่านได้อธิบายสิ่งที่ถูกถามไว้อย่างถูกต้องแล้ว คือการจัดวางแผ่นดิน มหาสมุทรเป็นต้น พร้อมทั้งขนาด และดาวเคราะห์ด้วย

Word by Word

• क्रौष्टुकिः: Krauṣṭuki
• क्रौष्टुकिः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्रौष्टुकि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; वक्ता (speaker)

• उवाच: said
• उवाच: Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वच् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• कथितम्: has been told
• कथितम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कथित (कृदन्त) √कथ् (धातु)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom/Acc), एकवचन; क्त/PPP—‘told/related’ (impersonal predicate)

• भवता: by you
• भवता: Karana (करण/Agent-instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भवत् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; ‘by you’

• सम्यक्: properly
• सम्यक्: Prakara (प्रकार/Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सम्यक् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (adverb: properly, well)

• यत्: what/that which
• यत्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Relative marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: यत्—सम्बन्धसूचक अव्यय/समुच्चयार्थक (relative particle: that which/what)

• पृष्टः: (you) having been asked
• पृष्टः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पृष्ट (कृदन्त) √प्रच्छ् (धातु)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; क्त/PPP—‘asked’

• असि: are
• असि: Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √अस् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• महामुने: O great sage
• महामुने: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Vocative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महा + मुनि (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन; कर्मधारयः—महान् मुनिः

• भू-समुद्र-आदि-संस्थानम्: the arrangement of the earth, oceans, etc.
• भू-समुद्र-आदि-संस्थानम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भू + समुद्र + आदि + संस्थान (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom/Acc), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः—भू-समुद्र-आदीनाम् संस्थानम् (arrangement/structure)

• प्रमाणानि: measurements, dimensions
• प्रमाणानि: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रमाण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom/Acc), बहुवचन

• तथा: also
• तथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय/अनुक्रमसूचक (also/likewise)

• ग्रहाः: planets (grahas)
• ग्रहाः: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ग्रह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन

Speakers

• Krauṣṭuki to Mārkaṇḍeya (dialogue frame)

Key Themes

• Cosmology
• Dialogue framework
• Manvantara inquiry

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The verse models śāstric learning: first establish the cosmic setting (space, measures, luminaries), then proceed to time-cycles (manvantaras). Right order of inquiry is itself a discipline.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

It bridges 'Sthāna' (cosmic arrangement) to 'Manvantara' (time-periods ruled by Manus), signaling a shift in Purāṇic scope.

What is the esoteric significance?

Outer cosmography functions as a scaffold: understanding ordered cosmos prepares the mind to grasp ordered time (cycles), implying a correspondence between spatial and temporal dharma.