Shloka 60

Adhyaya 57 — The Ninefold Divisions of Bharata: Mountains, Rivers, and Peoples

Sanskrit

तदेतद् भारतं वर्षं सर्वबीजं द्विजोत्तम । ब्रह्मत्वममरेशत्वं देवत्वं मरुतस्तथा ॥

Transliteration

tad etad bhārataṃ varṣaṃ sarvabījaṃ dvijottama | brahmatvam amareśatvaṃ devatvaṃ marutas tathā ||

Translation

เพราะฉะนั้น โอผู้ประเสริฐในหมู่ทวิชะ ภารตวรรษนี้เป็นเมล็ดแห่งความสำเร็จทั้งปวง; จากที่นี่บรรลุพราหมณยภาพ/ความรู้แจ้งพรหมัน ความเป็นใหญ่ในหมู่อมตะ ความเป็นเทพ และแม้กระทั่งฐานะเป็นมรุตได้

Word by Word

• तत्: that
• तत्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• एतत्: this
• एतत्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• भारतं: Bhārata
• भारतं: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भारत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण

• वर्षम्: land/region
• वर्षम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वर्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• सर्वबीजम्: the seed/source of all
• सर्वबीजम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व-बीज (प्रातिपदिक; सर्व + बीज)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण

• द्विजोत्तम: O best of the twice-born
• द्विजोत्तम: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्विज-उत्तम (प्रातिपदिक; द्विज + उत्तम)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति (Vocative), एकवचन

• ब्रह्मत्वम्: Brahminhood / state of Brahman
• ब्रह्मत्वम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मत्व (प्रातिपदिक; ब्रह्मन् + त्व)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• अमरेशत्वम्: lordship over the immortals
• अमरेशत्वम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अमर-ईश-त्व (प्रातिपदिक; अमर + ईश + त्व)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• देवत्वम्: godhood
• देवत्वम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देवत्व (प्रातिपदिक; देव + त्व)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• मरुतः: the Maruts (storm-gods)
• मरुतः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मरुत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन (वैदिक/पुराण-प्रयोगे प्रथमा-बहुवचन रूप ‘मरुतः’)

• तथा: likewise/also
• तथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रकार-अव्यय (adverb: ‘thus/likewise’)

Speakers

• Frame dialogue context; speaker not explicit in given excerpt

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "adbhuta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Indra (implied by amareśa)
• Maruts (group)

Key Themes

• Karma
• Karmabhūmi
• Merit (puṇya)
• Sacred geography
• Soteriology

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Bhārata is extolled as the privileged arena for purposeful action whose fruits can reach from social-spiritual excellence to divine states—underscoring responsibility: human birth here is for intentional dharma and sādhana.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

This is karmic-cosmological teaching tied to manvantara/yuga worldview: it explains why certain regions are called karmabhūmi and how beings ascend through merit.

What is the esoteric significance?

Calling Bhārata ‘sarvabīja’ suggests a subtle doctrine: the human condition is the germinating point where latent saṃskāras can be deliberately cultivated into higher states.