Shloka 11

Adhyaya 55 — Description of Jambudvipa: The Four Forests, Lakes, and Mountain Ranges Around Mount Meru; Bharata as the Karma-Bhumi

Sanskrit

पश्चिमेन तथा मेरोर् विस्कम्भात् पश्चिमाद्वहिः । एतेऽचलाः समाख्याताḥ शृणुष्वन्यांस्तथोत्तरान् ॥

Transliteration

paścimena tathā meror viskambhāt paścimādvahiḥ | ete ’calāḥ samākhyātāḥ śṛṇuṣv anyāṃs tathottarān ||

Translation

ดังนี้ ทางตะวันตกของเมรุ—ภายนอกขอบเขตและพ้นจากความกว้างไกลของมัน—ภูเขาเหล่านี้ได้ถูกขานนามแล้ว บัดนี้จงฟังภูเขาอื่น ๆ ทางทิศเหนือด้วย

Word by Word

• पश्चिमेन: to the west/by the western side
• पश्चिमेन: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/locative sense via instr. of direction)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पश्चिम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन; दिशावाचक-विशेषण (directional adjective)

• तथा: likewise
• तथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb)

• मेरोः: of Meru
• मेरोः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/possessor)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मेरु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), एकवचन

• विस्कम्भात्: from the breadth/extent (support)
• विस्कम्भात्: Apadana (अपादान/ablative source)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विस्कम्भ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (Ablative/5th), एकवचन

• पश्चिमात्: from the west
• पश्चिमात्: Apadana (अपादान/ablative)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पश्चिम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; दिशावाचक

• बहिः: outside
• बहिः: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/location)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: बहिः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb of place)

• एते: these
• एते: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन (Plural)

• अचलाः: mountains
• अचलाः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject; apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अचल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• समाख्याताḥ: are called/are named
• समाख्याताḥ: Kriya (क्रिया/predicative)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-आ-ख्या (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle, क्त); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; कर्मणि प्रयोग (passive sense)

• शृणुष्व: listen
• शृणुष्व: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: श्रु (धातु)
• Form: लोट्-लकार (Imperative), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• अन्यान्: other (ones)
• अन्यान्: Karma (कर्म/object)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), बहुवचन

• तथा: also/likewise
• तथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb)

• उत्तरान्: northern
• उत्तरान्: Karma (कर्म/object; qualifies अन्यान्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उत्तर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; दिशावाचक-विशेषण

Speakers

• Not within Devi Mahatmyam; cosmographic narration (speaker not specified in the provided excerpt)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Cosmology
• Sacred Geography
• Textual Enumeration

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The instruction ‘listen’ underscores śruti-like pedagogy in Purāṇas: knowledge is transmitted as ordered hearing, cultivating attentiveness and memory.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Organizational cosmography; it functions as connective tissue within sarga/pratisarga-style world description.

What is the esoteric significance?

The movement from west to north mirrors circumambulation-like sequencing, suggesting a ritualized traversal of cosmic directions.