Shloka 82

Adhyaya 34 — Madālāsā’s Instruction on Sadācāra (Householder Conduct, Purity, and Daily Rites)

Sanskrit

विधर्मिणो 'ह्नि पूर्वाख्ये सन्ध्याकाले च षण्डकाः ।

क्षुरकर्मणि वान्ते च स्त्रीसम्भोगे च पुत्रक ॥

Transliteration

vidharmiṇo 'hni pūrvākhye sandhyākāle ca ṣaṇḍakāḥ / kṣurakarmaṇi vānte ca strīsambhoge ca putraka

Translation

กล่าวกันว่า การร่วมเพศในเวลากลางวัน (ดังที่สอนไว้ก่อน) และในยามสนธยา ทำให้เกิดบุตรที่เป็น ‘วิธรรมี’ คือเบี่ยงเบนจากธรรมอันถูกต้อง และการร่วมเพศที่เกี่ยวกับการโกน/ปลงผม หลังอาเจียน และในสภาพไม่สมควรอื่น ๆ ทำให้เกิด ‘ษัณฑกะ’ คือบุตรมีลักษณะนปุงสก, เจ้าลูกที่รัก

Word by Word

• विधर्मिणः: the unrighteous (persons)
• विधर्मिणः: Karta (कर्ता/प्रथमा)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विधर्मिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative), बहुवचनम्; ‘those acting contrary to dharma/irreligious’

• अह्नि: in the day
• अह्नि: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/सप्तमी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अहन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (अहन्-शब्दः), सप्तमी (Locative), एकवचनम्

• पूर्वाख्ये: in the earlier (part of the day)
• पूर्वाख्ये: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पूर्व + आख्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुषसमासः (पूर्व इति आख्यः = called ‘previous/earlier’); नपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुल्लिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचनम्; अह्नि इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• सन्ध्याकाले: at twilight time
• सन्ध्याकाले: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/सप्तमी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सन्ध्या + काल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुषसमासः (सन्ध्यायाः कालः = twilight time); पुल्लिङ्ग, सप्तमी (Locative), एकवचनम्

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्ययम् (conjunction)

• षण्डकाः: eunuchs/impotent men
• षण्डकाः: Karta (कर्ता/प्रथमा)
• Type: Noun
• Root: षण्डक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचनम्; ‘eunuchs/impotent men’

• क्षुरकर्मणि: in shaving (act)
• क्षुरकर्मणि: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/सप्तमी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षुर + कर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुषसमासः (क्षुरस्य कर्म = shaving act); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचनम्

• वान्ते: in (a state of) vomiting / when vomited
• वान्ते: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/सप्तमी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: √वम् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: भूतकृदन्तः—क्त-प्रत्ययः (past participle) ‘vomited’; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचनम्; (अवस्थावाचक)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्ययम् (conjunction)

• स्त्रीसम्भोगे: in sexual intercourse with a woman
• स्त्रीसम्भोगे: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/सप्तमी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्त्री + सम्भोग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुषसमासः (स्त्रियाः सम्भोगः = intercourse with a woman); पुल्लिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचनम्

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्ययम् (conjunction)

• पुत्रक: O dear son
• पुत्रक: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्रक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचनम्

Speakers

• Didactic narrator within Markandeya Purana (instructional passage; not Devi Māhātmya frame)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "dharma", "secondaryRasa": "bibhatsa", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Ritual purity norms
• Sandhyā (twilight) discipline
• Traditional reproductive beliefs

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Twilight (sandhyā) is reserved for prayer and restraint; the text warns that violating sacred temporal boundaries and bodily-impurity boundaries leads to undesirable outcomes, reinforcing discipline and reverence.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Not pañcalakṣaṇa; it is normative ācāra material.

What is the esoteric significance?

Sandhyā symbolizes threshold-states; engaging sense-pleasure at thresholds is portrayed as destabilizing, whereas aligning thresholds with worship stabilizes mind and lineage.