Shloka 19

Adhyaya 32 — Rules for Parvana Śrāddha: Foods that Please the Ancestors and Items to Avoid

Sanskrit

वर्जनीयṃ सदा सदिभस्तत्पयः श्राद्धकर्मणि ।

वर्ज्या जन्तुमती रूक्षा क्षितिः प्लुष्टा तथाग्निना ॥

Transliteration

varjanīyaṃ sadā sadibhas tat-payaḥ śrāddha-karmaṇi / varjyā jantumatī rūkṣā kṣitiḥ pluṣṭā tathāgninā

Translation

ในพิธีศราทธะ น้ำนมที่เกี่ยวข้องกับ “สดิภะ” พึงเว้นเสมอ อีกทั้งพื้นดินที่มีสัตว์เล็กสัตว์น้อยชุกชุม แห้งหยาบ และแผ่นดินที่ถูกไฟเผาไหม้ ก็พึงเว้น

Word by Word

• वर्जनीयम्: to be avoided
• वर्जनीयम्: Vidhi (विधि/niyama)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वर्ज् (धातु)
• Form: अनीयर्-प्रत्ययान्त (gerundive), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; विधेय-विशेषण (to be avoided)

• सदा: always
• सदा: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सदा (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of time)

• सदिभस्तत्पयः: the milk of a sadibhasta (a kind of cow/animal)
• सदिभस्तत्पयः: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सदिभस्त (प्रातिपदिक) + तत् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + पयस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; समासः (तत्पुरुष) — 'सदिभस्तस्य तत् पयः' (the milk of the sadibhasta)

• श्राद्धकर्मणि: in the śrāddha rite
• श्राद्धकर्मणि: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्राद्ध (प्रातिपदिक) + कर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (अधिकरण), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (śrāddhasya karma)

• वर्ज्या: to be avoided
• वर्ज्या: Vidhi (विधि/niyama)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वर्ज् (धातु)
• Form: यत्-प्रत्ययान्त (gerundive), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विधेय-विशेषण

• जन्तुमती: having living creatures/worms
• जन्तुमती: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: जन्तुमत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण

• रूक्षा: dry/rough
• रूक्षा: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रूक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण

• क्षितिः: earth/ground
• क्षितिः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षिति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• प्लुष्टा: burnt/scorched
• प्लुष्टा: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्लुष् (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण

• तथा: likewise
• तथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रकारवाचक-अव्यय (adverb: likewise)

• अग्निना: by fire
• अग्निना: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (करण), एकवचन

Speakers

• Ritual instruction voice within the Purāṇic dharma discourse (frame-speaker not specified in the provided excerpt)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "dharma", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Pitṛ Pūjā
• Ritual space purity
• Textual-critical note

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Ritual correctness includes the environment: the offering-ground should be non-harming and stable (not infested, not harsh, not burnt). This reflects a dharmic sensitivity to life and cleanliness.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Dharma/ācāra guidance.

What is the esoteric significance?

The ‘field’ of the rite (kṣetra) mirrors the inner field of mind. An infested/burnt ground symbolizes distraction and agitation; śrāddha aims at steady, benevolent recollection.