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Shloka 31

Adhyaya 31 — Naimittika and Related Śrāddha Rites: Sapiṇḍīkaraṇa, Eligibility, Timing, and Procedure

Sanskrit

तैश्च संयतिभिर्भाव्यं यश्च श्राद्धं करिष्यति ।

श्राद्धं दत्त्वा च भुक्त्वा च मैथुनं योऽनुगच्छति ॥

Transliteration

taiśca saṃyatibhirbhāvyaṃ yaśca śrāddhaṃ kariṣyati | śrāddhaṃ dattvā ca bhuktvā ca maithunaṃ yo 'nugacchati ||

Translation

ทั้งพราหมณ์เหล่านั้นและผู้ประกอบพิธีศราทธ์พึงสำรวมตน. ผู้ใดถวายศราทธ์แล้ว รับประทานแล้ว ยังไปเสพสังวาส ผู้นั้นย่อมต้องโทษ (ดังจะกล่าวในบทถัดไป)۔

Word by Word
तैःby them/with them
तैः:
करण (Karana/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), बहुवचन — Masculine, Instrumental plural; ‘by/with them’
चand
च:
समुच्चय (Conjunction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चय — ‘and’
संयतिभिःwith self-restraint
संयतिभिः:
करण (Karana/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootसंयति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), बहुवचन — Feminine, Instrumental plural; ‘with restraints/self-control’
भाव्यम्should be done/observed
भाव्यम्:
विधेय (Predicate/obligation)
TypeAdjective
Root√भू (धातु) + भाव्य (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; कृदन्त: यत्-प्रत्ययान्त (gerundive) — Neuter, Nominative singular; ‘is to be done/should be’ (impersonal obligation)
यःwho
यः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन — Masculine, Nominative singular; relative pronoun ‘who’
चand
च:
समुच्चय (Conjunction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चय — ‘and’
श्राद्धम्śrāddha rite
श्राद्धम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootश्राद्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन — Neuter, Accusative singular
करिष्यतिwill perform
करिष्यति:
क्रिया (Verb)
TypeVerb
Root√कृ (धातु)
Formलृट् (Simple Future), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन — Future 3rd sg; ‘will do/perform’
श्राद्धम्śrāddha
श्राद्धम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootश्राद्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन — Neuter, Accusative singular
दत्त्वाhaving given (offerings)
दत्त्वा:
पूर्वकालक्रिया (Prior action)
TypeVerb
Root√दा (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (Absolutive/Gerund) — having given
चand
च:
समुच्चय (Conjunction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चय — ‘and’
भुक्त्वाhaving eaten
भुक्त्वा:
पूर्वकालक्रिया (Prior action)
TypeVerb
Root√भुज् (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (Absolutive/Gerund) — having eaten
चand
च:
समुच्चय (Conjunction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चय — ‘and’
मैथुनम्sexual intercourse
मैथुनम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootमैथुन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन — Neuter, Accusative singular
यःwho
यः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन — Masculine, Nominative singular; ‘who’
अनुगच्छतिengages in/follows
अनुगच्छति:
क्रिया (Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootअनु-√गम् (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन — Present 3rd sg; ‘follows/engages in’
Speakers
Didactic narrator within the Purāṇic discourse (Śrāddha injunctions; frame-speaker not explicit in the given excerpt)
Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "dharma", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes
DharmaPitṛ PūjāŚrāddhaBrahmacarya/continenceKarmic consequence

FAQs

The rite demands a temporary sacral discipline: sense-restraint protects the intention of honoring the ancestors and prevents the performer from collapsing the ritual mood into ordinary gratification.

Ācāra/dharma instruction; it regulates the performer’s conduct around pitṛ rites.

Śrāddha is treated as a ‘liminal’ time where personal energies are redirected toward subtle offerings; sexual activity is depicted as diverting or contaminating that redirected current.

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