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Shloka 1

Adhyaya 29 — Dama and Moksha

Sanskrit

इति श्रीमार्कण्डेयपुराणे पुत्रानुशासने मदालसावाक्यं नामाष्टाविंशोऽध्यायः ॥

ऊनत्रिंशोऽध्यायः ।

अलर्क उवाच यत् कार्यं पुरुषाणां च गार्हस्थ्यमनुवर्तताम् ।

बन्धश्च स्याद् अकरणे क्रियायाः यस्य चोच्छ्रितिः ॥

Transliteration

iti śrīmārkaṇḍeyapurāṇe putrānuśāsane madālasāvākyaṃ nāmāṣṭāviṃśo 'dhyāyaḥ || ūnatriṃśo 'dhyāyaḥ | alarka uvāca yat kāryaṃ puruṣāṇāṃ ca gārhasthyam anuvartatām | bandhaś ca syād akaraṇe kriyāyā yasya cocchritiḥ ||

Translation

ดังนี้ บทที่ยี่สิบแปดในศรีมารกัณฑेयปุราณะ ภาคคำสอนแก่บุตร อันมีนามว่า ‘วาจาของมทาลสา’ ได้สิ้นสุดลง บัดนี้เริ่มบทที่ยี่สิบเก้า อลรกะกล่าวว่า: ธรรมหน้าที่ของบุรุษผู้ดำเนินชีวิตคฤหัสถ์คืออะไร? และหากไม่ปฏิบัติ จะเกิดหนี้ผูกพัน (ฤณะ) ประการใด—พิธีกรรมที่กล่าวว่าสูงส่งและเป็นหลักฐานอันควรยึดถือนั้นคืออะไร?

Word by Word
इतिthus
इति:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/discourse marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formउक्त्यर्थक/समाप्त्यर्थक अव्यय (quotative/end marker)
श्रीvenerable
श्री:
Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootश्री (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (अव्ययवत् उपसर्गरूपेण), पूर्वपद-उपाधि (honorific)
मार्कण्डेयपुराणेin the Mārkaṇḍeya Purāṇa
मार्कण्डेयपुराणे:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootमार्कण्डेय (प्रातिपदिक) + पुराण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (मार्कण्डेयस्य पुराणे)
पुत्रानुशासनेin the instruction to the son
पुत्रानुशासने:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Topic-domain)
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र (प्रातिपदिक) + अनुशासन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (पुत्रस्य अनुशासने)
मदालसावाक्यम्the speech of Madālasā
मदालसावाक्यम्:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootमदालसा (प्रातिपदिक) + वाक्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (मदालसायाः वाक्यम्)
नामnamed
नाम:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/naming)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनाम (अव्यय)
Formनाम-शब्दः (indeclinable) नामनिर्देशे (as called/namely)
अष्टाविंशःtwenty-eighth
अष्टाविंशः:
Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootअष्टाविंश (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; द्विगु-समास (अष्टौ + विंशतिः = 28) क्रमवाचक (ordinal)
अध्यायःchapter
अध्यायः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootअध्याय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
ऊनत्रिंशःtwenty-ninth
ऊनत्रिंशः:
Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootऊनत्रिंश (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; द्विगु-समास (ऊन + त्रिंशत् = 29) क्रमवाचक
अध्यायःchapter
अध्यायः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootअध्याय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
अलर्कःAlarka
अलर्कः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootअलर्क (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
यत्that which
यत्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/relative)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; सम्बन्धसूचक (relative)
कार्यम्duty/what should be done
कार्यम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootकार्य (प्रातिपदिक; कृ-धातोः कृत्य)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘to be done’ sense (duty/task)
पुरुषाणाम्of men
पुरुषाणाम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Possessor)
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन
चand
च:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक अव्यय
गार्हस्थ्यम्householder life
गार्हस्थ्यम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootगार्हस्थ्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन
अनुवर्तताम्let them follow
अनुवर्तताम्:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootअनु-वृत् (धातु)
Formलोट् (Imperative), आत्मनेपद, तृतीयपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन; विधिलिङ्गार्थे आज्ञा (let them follow)
बन्धःbondage
बन्धः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootबन्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
चand
च:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक अव्यय
स्यात्would be
स्यात्:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
अकरणेin non-performance
अकरणे:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Condition)
TypeNoun
Rootअ-करण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; निषेधपूर्वक भाव (non-doing)
क्रियायाःof the act
क्रियायाः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootक्रिया (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन
यस्यwhose/of which
यस्य:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/relative-genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसक, षष्ठी, एकवचन; सम्बन्धसूचक (whose/of which)
चand
च:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक अव्यय
उच्छ्रितिःrise/prosperity
उच्छ्रितिः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootउत्-श्रिति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘उत्कर्ष/उन्नति’ अर्थे
Speakers
Alarka questioning Madālasā
Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "jijnasa", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes
DharmaGārhasthyaRitual obligationEthics of action (kriyā)Didactic dialogue

FAQs

The text pivots from general royal/social dharma to the practical foundation of society: the householder. The question frames dharma as both positive duty (kārya) and binding responsibility (bandha) when neglected.

Again, primarily dharma-upadeśa (ethical instruction) rather than the five canonical topics; it functions as normative teaching within the Purāṇic corpus.

By calling the rite ‘ucchrita’ (exalted), the verse signals that ordinary life-actions (especially in gārhasthya) can be vehicles of spiritual ascent when aligned with dharma—binding when ignored, liberating when performed rightly.

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