Shloka 90

Adhyaya 16 — The Son’s Counsel on Renunciation and the Anasuya–Mandavya Episode: The Suspension of Sunrise and the Power of Pativrata

Sanskrit

एवमस्त्विति तां देवा ब्रह्म-विष्णु-शिवादयः ।

प्रोक्त्वा जग्मुर्यथान्यायमनुमान्य तपस्विनीम् ॥

Transliteration

evam astv iti tāṃ devā brahma-viṣṇu-śivādayaḥ | proktvā jagmur yathā-nyāyam anumānya tapasvinīm ||

Translation

เหล่าเทพ—พรหมา วิษณุ ศิวะ และอื่น ๆ—กล่าวว่า “ตถาสตุ (ขอให้เป็นเช่นนั้น)” ครั้นกล่าวแล้วได้ถวายความเคารพแด่นางผู้บำเพ็ญตบะ และจากไปตามลำดับอันสมควร

Word by Word

• एवम्: thus
• एवम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एवम् (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रकारार्थक-अव्यय (adverb of manner)

• अस्तु: let it be
• अस्तु: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु)
• Form: लोट्-लकार (Imperative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• इति: saying
• इति: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Quotation marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति (अव्यय)
• Form: उक्त्यर्थक-अव्यय (quotative particle)

• ताम्: her
• ताम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन

• देवाः: the gods
• देवाः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• ब्रह्म: Brahmā
• ब्रह्म: Karta (कर्ता/part of subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; समासाङ्ग

• विष्णु: Viṣṇu
• विष्णु: Karta (कर्ता/part of subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विष्णु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; समासाङ्ग

• शिवादयः: Śiva and others
• शिवादयः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शिव + आदि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; शिवादयः = ‘Śiva and others’ (ādi-samāsa/तत्पुरुष)

• प्रोक्त्वा: having said
• प्रोक्त्वा: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र + वच् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund/absolutive): ‘having said’

• जग्मुः: went
• जग्मुः: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन, परस्मैपद

• यथा: according to
• यथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रकार/उपमानार्थक-अव्यय (as/according to)

• न्यायम्: proper rule/justice; duly
• न्यायम्: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Adverbial manner)
• Type: Noun
• Root: न्याय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; यथान्यायम् = अव्ययीभाववत् प्रयोग (idiomatic adverbial accusative)

• अनुमान्य: having granted/approved
• अनुमान्य: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अनु + मन् (धातु)
• Form: ल्यप्/य-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund): ‘having assented/approved’

• तपस्विनीम्: the ascetic woman
• तपस्विनीम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तपस्विनी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; कर्मपद (object)

Speakers

• Devas (collective)
• including Trimūrti

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Brahmā
• Viṣṇu
• Śiva
• Devas (collective)

Key Themes

• Divine assent
• Order (nyāya)
• Honor to tapas

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Grace is portrayed as orderly (nyāya) rather than arbitrary: boons are granted within moral-cosmic propriety. Tapas and virtue elicit not only gifts but also honor (māna) from the divine.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Ākhyāna conclusion; no direct pancalakṣaṇa category beyond didactic narrative usage.

What is the esoteric significance?

The devas ‘departing’ indicates the stabilizing of blessing into fate: the external vision ends, leaving the boon to unfold internally and through time.