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Shloka 37

Arjuna’s Concentrated Archery and the Rout of the Kaurava Mahārathas

Gāṇḍīva-Nirghoṣa Episode

त्रिभिस्त्रिवेणुं समरे द्वाभ्यामक्षं महारथ: । द्वादशेन तु भल्लेन चकर्तास्य ध्वजं तदा,फिर उन महारथी अर्जुनने तीन बाणोंसे रथके तीनों वेणु, दोसे रथका धुरा और बारहवें भल्ल नामक बाणसे उनके रथकी ध्वजाको भी उस समय रणभूमिमें काट गिराया। इसके बाद इन्द्रके समान पराक्रमी फाल्गुनने हँसते हुए-से वज्जसदृश तेरहवें बाणद्वारा कृपाचार्यकी छातीमें चोट पहुँचायी

vaiśampāyana uvāca | tribhis triveṇuṃ samare dvābhyām akṣaṃ mahārathaḥ | dvādaśena tu bhallena cakartāsya dhvajaṃ tadā |

ไวศัมปายนะกล่าวว่า— ในสนามรบ มหารถีนั้นยิงศรสามดอกตัดเสารถทั้งสาม; ยิงอีกสองดอกตัดเพลา; แล้วด้วยศรดอกที่สิบสอง—ศรหัวกว้าง ‘ภัลละ’—ก็ตัดธงชัยของเขาให้ร่วงลงในบัดดล

त्रिभिःwith three (arrows)
त्रिभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootत्रि
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
त्रिवेणुम्the three veṇus (parts/poles) (of the chariot)
त्रिवेणुम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootत्रिवेणु
FormMasculine/Neuter, Accusative, Singular
समरेin battle
समरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसमर
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
द्वाभ्याम्with two (arrows)
द्वाभ्याम्:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootद्वि
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Dual
अक्षम्axle
अक्षम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअक्ष
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
महारथःthe great chariot-warrior (Arjuna)
महारथः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहारथ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
द्वादशेनwith the twelfth (arrow)
द्वादशेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootद्वादश
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
तुbut/and
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
भल्लेनwith a bhalla-arrow
भल्लेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootभल्ल
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
चकर्तcut (he cut)
चकर्त:
TypeVerb
Rootछिद्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
अस्यof him/of his
अस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
ध्वजम्banner/standard
ध्वजम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootध्वज
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तदाthen/at that time
तदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
M
mahārathaḥ (Arjuna, implied by context)
T
triveṇu (three chariot-poles/shafts)
A
akṣa (chariot axle)
B
bhalla (broad-headed arrow)
D
dhvaja (banner/standard)
S
samara (battlefield)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights disciplined power in righteous warfare: true martial excellence lies in precision and control—disabling the opponent’s means of fighting and humbling their martial pride (the banner) rather than indulging in uncontrolled violence.

During combat, Arjuna (described as a mahāratha) shoots a sequence of arrows that neatly cuts key parts of the opponent’s chariot—three structural poles, then the axle, and finally the banner—thereby crippling the chariot and asserting dominance on the battlefield.