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Shloka 20

Adhyāya 55: Pārtha–Rādheya Saṃvāda and Tactical Exchange

Chapter 55

सकृदेवानतं शेकू रथमभ्यसितु परे । अलभ्य: पुनरश्वैस्तु रथात्‌ सो$तिप्रपादयेत्‌,शत्रुसैनिक अर्जुनका रथ निकट आनेपर उसे एक ही बार पहचान पाते थे; दुबारा इसके लिये उन्हें अवसर नहीं मिलता था; क्योंकि पास आते ही अर्जुन उन्हें घोड़ोंसहित इस लोकसे परलोक भेज देते थे

sakṛd evānataṃ śeku ratham abhyasitu pare | alabhyaḥ punar aśvais tu rathāt so 'tiprapādayet ||

ไวศัมปายนะกล่าวว่า—นักรบฝ่ายตรงข้ามรู้จำรถศึกคันนั้นได้เพียงครั้งเดียวเมื่อมันเข้ามาใกล้ครั้งแรก; แล้วก็ไม่มีโอกาสครั้งที่สองอีก เพราะทันทีที่อรชุนประชิด เขาก็เหวี่ยงพวกเขาตกจากรถศึก ส่งไปจากโลกนี้สู่ปรโลก พร้อมทั้งม้าศึกของพวกเขา

सकृत्once
सकृत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसकृत्
Formindeclinable (adverb)
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
Formindeclinable (particle)
अनतम्bowed down; bent (down)
अनतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootनत
Formmasculine accusative singular
शेकुःwere able
शेकुः:
TypeVerb
Rootशक्
Formperfect (liṭ), 3rd person plural, parasmaipada
रथम्chariot
रथम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
Formmasculine accusative singular
अभ्यसितुम्to approach/come near
अभ्यसितुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-आस्
Formtumun (infinitive)
परेthe others; the enemy side
परे:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपर
Formmasculine nominative plural
अलभ्यःunattainable; not obtainable
अलभ्यः:
TypeAdjective
Rootअलभ्य
Formmasculine nominative singular
पुनःagain
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
Formindeclinable (adverb)
अश्वैःwith horses
अश्वैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व
Formmasculine instrumental plural
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
Formindeclinable (particle)
रथात्from the chariot
रथात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
Formmasculine ablative singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine nominative singular
अतिप्रपादयेत्would send forth/dispatch; would cause to pass away
अतिप्रपादयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootअति-प्र-√पद्
Formoptative (liṅ), 3rd person singular, parasmaipada, causative sense ('cause to go/dispatch')

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
A
Arjuna
R
ratha (chariot)
A
aśva (horses)
E
enemy warriors (pare)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights decisive execution of duty in a righteous battle context: once the enemy comes within range, hesitation is dangerous, and the protector (Arjuna) acts swiftly to neutralize threats, reflecting kṣatriya-dharma and the priority of safeguarding those under one’s protection.

During the Virāṭa campaign, Arjuna’s chariot closes rapidly on the opposing soldiers. They can identify him only at the first approach; immediately thereafter he overwhelms them, casting them down from their chariots and effectively killing them, leaving no chance for a second engagement.