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Shloka 4

द्रोण-पार्थ-युद्धम्

Droṇa–Pārtha Strategic Engagement

द्रोण उवाच एतदू ध्वजाग्रं पार्थस्य दूरत: सम्प्रकाशते । एष घोष: स रथजो रोरवीति च वानर:,द्रोणने कहा--यह अर्जुनकी ध्वजाका ऊपरी भाग दूरसे ही प्रकाशित हो रहा है। यह उन्हींके रथकी घर्घराहटका शब्द है। साथ ही ध्वजापर बैठा हुआ वानर भी उच्च स्वरसे गर्जना कर रहा है

droṇa uvāca | etad u dhvajāgraṃ pārthasya dūrataḥ samprakāśate | eṣa ghoṣaḥ sa rathajo roravīti ca vānaraḥ |

โทฺรณะกล่าวว่า: “นั่นไง—ยอดธงของปารถะส่องประกายเห็นได้แต่ไกล เสียงครืนครั่นนั้นคือเสียงรถศึกของเขา และวานรบนยอดธงก็กำลังกู่ก้องด้วยเสียงอันน่าครั่นคร้าม”

द्रोणःDrona
द्रोणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्रोण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
एतत्this
एतत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
indeed/just
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
ध्वजाग्रम्the top of the banner/flagstaff
ध्वजाग्रम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootध्वजाग्र
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
पार्थस्यof Partha (Arjuna)
पार्थस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
दूरतःfrom afar
दूरतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootदूर
सम्प्रकाशतेshines forth/is clearly visible
सम्प्रकाशते:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रकाश्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
एषःthis
एषः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
घोषःsound/clamor
घोषः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootघोष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सःthat
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
रथजःarising from the chariot
रथजः:
TypeAdjective
Rootरथज
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
रोरवीतिroars/makes a loud noise
रोरवीति:
TypeVerb
Rootरु
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
वानरःthe monkey (Hanuman on the banner)
वानरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवानर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

द्रोण उवाच

D
Droṇa
A
Arjuna (Pārtha)
A
Arjuna’s banner (dhvaja)
C
Chariot (ratha)
H
Hanumān (vānara on the banner)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how dharmic power and rightful prowess announce themselves unmistakably: Arjuna’s presence is recognized by clear signs—his shining banner and the formidable sound of his chariot and standard—suggesting that inner strength, supported by righteous purpose and divine association (Hanumān), becomes evident even from afar.

Droṇa identifies Arjuna’s approach in the battle context by visible and audible markers: the gleaming crest of Arjuna’s banner, the rumbling noise of his chariot, and the loud roar of the monkey on the standard (Hanumān), signaling Arjuna’s arrival and the rising intensity of the encounter.