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Shloka 23

Karna’s Martial Boast and Challenge to Bībhatsu

Arjuna

जो बकरेके चमड़ेकी बनी हुई म्यानमें बंद है तथा नाना प्रकारके युद्धोंमें शस्त्रोंका भारी आघात सहन करनेमें समर्थ और मजबूत है, वह यह नकुलका खडग है ।। यस्त्वयं विपुल: खड्गो गव्ये कोशे समर्पित: । सहदेवस्य विद्धयेनं सर्वभारसहं दृढम्‌,और यह जो गोचर्मकी म्यानमें रखा गया है, यह सहदेवका विशाल खड्ग है। इसे सब प्रकारके अघात-प्रत्याघात सहनेमें समर्थ और सुदृढ़ जानो

uttara uvāca | yo bakaracarmaṇā kṛtakośe baddhaḥ nānāvidheṣu yuddheṣu śastrāṇāṃ gurupratighātaṃ soḍhuṃ samarthaḥ dṛḍhaś ca, sa eṣa nakulasya khaḍgaḥ || yastv ayaṃ vipulaḥ khaḍgo gavye kośe samarpitaḥ | sahadevasya viddhy enaṃ sarvabhārasahaṃ dṛḍham ||

อุตตระกล่าวว่า “ส่วนดาบกว้างเล่มนี้ที่วางไว้ในฝักทำด้วยหนังวัว จงรู้เถิดว่าเป็นของสหเทวะ—มั่นคง แข็งแกร่ง และทนต่อภาระทุกประการ รวมทั้งการฟันและการปะทะตอบได้”

यःwhich/who
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
अयम्this
अयम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विपुलःlarge, broad
विपुलः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविपुल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
खड्गःsword
खड्गः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootखड्ग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
गव्येmade of cow-hide (bovine)
गव्ये:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootगव्य
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
कोशेin a sheath/scabbard
कोशे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकोश
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
समर्पितःplaced/kept/entrusted
समर्पितः:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-√अर्प्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular, Passive (PPP)
सहदेवस्यof Sahadeva
सहदेवस्य:
TypeNoun (Proper)
Rootसहदेव
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
विद्धिknow (you)! / understand!
विद्धि:
TypeVerb
Root√विद् (ज्ञाने)
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
एनम्this (him/it)
एनम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
सर्वभारसहम्able to bear all burdens/impacts
सर्वभारसहम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व-भार-सह
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
दृढम्firm, strong
दृढम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootदृढ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

उत्तर उवाच

U
Uttara
N
Nakula
S
Sahadeva
S
sword (khaḍga)
S
scabbard/sheath (kośa)
G
goat-hide (bakaracarma)
C
cow-hide (gavya)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights kṣātra-dharma in a practical register: weapons are not mere ornaments but instruments requiring strength, reliability, and readiness. By identifying whose swords they are and stressing their endurance, the narrative underscores disciplined preparedness for righteous conflict when duty demands.

Uttara is identifying and describing the swords belonging to the Pāṇḍava twins Nakula and Sahadeva, noting the type of leather scabbards and emphasizing that these blades are sturdy and able to withstand heavy impacts in battle.