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Shloka 4

Virāṭa-parva Adhyāya 42 — Duryodhana’s counsel to Bhīṣma on ajñātavāsa risk and raid strategy

सूर्या यत्र च सौवर्णास्त्रियो भासन्ति दंशिता: । तेजसा प्रज्वलन्तो हि कस्यैत्‌द धनुरुत्तमम्‌,जिसमें परस्पर सटे हुए तीन सुवर्णमय सूर्यचिह्न प्रकाशित हो रहे हैं, जो तेजसे मानो प्रज्वलित हैं, यह उत्तम धनुष किसका है?

sūryā yatra ca sauvarṇās trayo bhāsanti daṃśitāḥ | tejasā prajvalanto hi kasyaitad dhanur uttamam ||

อุตตรากล่าวว่า “คันธนูใดมีตราพระอาทิตย์ทองคำสามดวงประดับชิดกัน ส่องประกายราวกับลุกไหม้ด้วยรัศมีของตนเอง คันธนูอันยอดเยี่ยมนั้นเป็นของผู้ใด?”

सूर्याःsuns / sun-discs
सूर्याः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसूर्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
यत्रwhere
यत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयत्र
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सौवर्णाःgolden
सौवर्णाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसौवर्ण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
त्रयःthree
त्रयः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
भासन्तिshine
भासन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootभास्
FormPresent, 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
दंशिताःadorned / set (with marks)
दंशिताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदंशित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तेजसाby brilliance
तेजसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootतेजस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
प्रज्वलन्तःblazing
प्रज्वलन्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्र-√ज्वल्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
हिindeed / for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
कस्यof whom / whose
कस्य:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
एतत्this
एतत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
धनुःbow
धनुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधनुस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
उत्तमम्excellent / best
उत्तमम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootउत्तम
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular

उत्तर उवाच

U
Uttara
B
bow (dhanuḥ)
T
three golden sun-emblems (trayaḥ sauvarṇāḥ sūryāḥ)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights discernment and reverence toward symbols of power: a weapon’s distinctive emblems signify lineage, mastery, and responsibility. It implicitly points to the ethical weight carried by martial excellence—such brilliance is not mere ornament, but a mark of a great warrior whose actions must align with dharma.

In the Virata Parva context, Uttara is examining weapons and notices a remarkable bow distinguished by three closely set golden sun-emblems. Struck by its radiance and uniqueness, he asks whose superb bow it is—an inquiry that foreshadows recognition of a famed warrior’s arms.