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Shloka 20

Virāṭa-parva Adhyāya 13 — Kīcaka’s Proposition and Draupadī’s Dharmic Refusal

नोद्यमानस्तदा भीमो दुःखेनैवाकरोन्मतिम्‌ | न हि शक्नोति विवृते प्रत्याख्यातुं नराधिपम्‌,उस समय राजासे प्रेरित होनेपर भीमसेनने [पहचाने जानेके भयसे] दुःखी होकर ही उससे लड़नेका विचार किया। वे राजाकी बातको प्रकटरूपमें टाल नहीं सकते थे

nodyamānas tadā bhīmo duḥkhenaivākaron matim | na hi śaknoti vivṛte pratyākhyātuṃ narādhipam ||

ครั้นถูกพระราชาทรงเร้าในเวลานั้น ภีมเสน—ด้วยความทุกข์เพราะหวั่นเกรงว่าจะถูกจำได้—จึงจำต้องตั้งใจเข้าต่อสู้ เพราะเขาไม่อาจปฏิเสธพระราชาผู้เป็นเจ้าเหนือมนุษย์อย่างเปิดเผยได้

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
उद्यमानःbeing urged / being prompted
उद्यमानः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootउद्यम् (धातु) / उद्यमान (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तदाthen
तदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
भीमःBhima
भीमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दुःखेनwith sorrow / in distress
दुःखेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootदुःख
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
एवindeed / just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
अकरोत्made / formed
अकरोत्:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
मतिम्intention / resolve
मतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
हिindeed / for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
शक्नोतिis able
शक्नोति:
TypeVerb
Rootशक् (धातु)
FormPresent (Laṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
विवृतेopenly / in the open
विवृते:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootविवृत
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
प्रत्याख्यातुम्to refuse / to reject
प्रत्याख्यातुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रति-आ-ख्या (धातु)
FormInfinitive (Tumun)
नराधिपम्the king (lord of men)
नराधिपम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनराधिप
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
B
Bhīma (Bhīmasena)
N
narādhipa (the king)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical tension between prudence and duty: Bhīma must protect the larger dharmic goal of remaining undiscovered, yet he also cannot publicly defy the king’s command. It portrays self-restraint and strategic compliance under authority when a higher responsibility is at stake.

In the Virāṭa episode, Bhīma is living incognito. When the king urges action, Bhīma—despite anxiety about being recognized—decides to fight, because an open refusal would draw attention and would be improper toward the king.