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Shloka 83

आजसे पहले कभी भी मैं इतनी देर करके असमयमें अपने आश्रमपर नहीं लौटा हूँ। संध्या होनेसे पहले ही माता मुझे रोक लेती है--आश्रमसे बाहर नहीं जाने देती

adya se pūrvaṁ kadācid api nāhaṁ evaṁ cirakālaṁ kṛtvā akāle svāśramaṁ na punar āgataḥ। sandhyāyāḥ pūrvam eva mātā māṁ nivārayati—āśramād bahiḥ gantum na dadāti॥

ก่อนวันนี้ ข้าไม่เคยกลับสู่อาศรมช้าเช่นนี้ในยามอันไม่สมควร แม้สนธยายังไม่มาถึง มารดาก็ยับยั้งข้าไว้—ไม่ยอมให้ข้าออกนอกอาศรม

up to; until
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अद्यtoday
अद्य:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअद्य
पूर्वम्before; earlier
पूर्वम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपूर्व
कदाचनever; at any time
कदाचन:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकदाचन
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअहम्
Formcommon, nominative, singular
एतावत्so much; to this extent
एतावत्:
TypeAdjective
Rootएतावत्
Formneuter, accusative, singular
कालम्time (duration)
कालम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकाल
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
विलम्ब्यhaving delayed
विलम्ब्य:
TypeVerb
Rootविलम्ब्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), active
अकालेat an improper time
अकाले:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअकाल
Formmasculine, locative, singular
स्वम्one's own
स्वम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootस्व
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
आश्रमम्hermitage
आश्रमम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआश्रम
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
प्रत्यागतवान्have returned
प्रत्यागतवान्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रति-आ-गम्
Formक्तवतुँ (past active participle used finitely), masculine, nominative, singular
अस्मिam
अस्मि:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
Formpresent indicative, 1st, singular
सन्ध्यायाःbefore evening (lit. from evening)
सन्ध्यायाः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootसन्ध्या
Formfeminine, ablative, singular
पूर्वम्before
पूर्वम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपूर्व
एवindeed; just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
माताmother
माता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमातृ
Formfeminine, nominative, singular
माम्me
माम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअहम्
Formcommon, accusative, singular
निवारयतिrestrains; stops
निवारयति:
TypeVerb
Rootनि-वार्
Formpresent indicative, 3rd, singular
आश्रमात्from the hermitage
आश्रमात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootआश्रम
Formmasculine, ablative, singular
बहिःoutside
बहिः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootबहिः
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
गन्तुम्to go
गन्तुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
Formतुमुन् (infinitive)
अनुजानातिpermits; allows
अनुजानाति:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु-ज्ञा
Formpresent indicative, 3rd, singular

यम उवाच

यम (Yama)
माता (mother)
आश्रम (āśrama/hermitage)
संध्या (sandhyā/twilight)

Educational Q&A

The passage highlights discipline in time-bound duties and the ethical force of parental guidance: one should not neglect proper times and boundaries, and a mother’s restraint is portrayed as protective dharma rather than mere control.

Yama remarks that he has never before returned late to the hermitage; he notes that his mother usually stops him before evening twilight and does not let him go outside, emphasizing an unusual delay and the customary rule of remaining within the āśrama at sandhyā.