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Shloka 31

Araṇi Lost to the Deer: Pāṇḍavas Pursue to Preserve Agnihotra (अरणी-हरण प्रसङ्गः)

यौवनस्थां तु तां दृष्टवा स्वां सुतां देवरूपिणीम्‌ । अयाच्यमानां स वरैर्नपतिर्दु:खितो5भवत्‌,अपनी देवस्वरूपिणी पुत्रीको युवावस्थामें प्रविष्ट हुई देख और अभीतक इसके लिये किसी वरने याचना नहीं की, यह सोचकर मद्रनरेशको बड़ा दुःख हुआ

yauvanasthāṃ tu tāṃ dṛṣṭvā svāṃ sutāṃ devarūpiṇīm | ayācyamānāṃ sa varair napatir duḥkhito 'bhavat ||

เมื่อพระราชาทอดพระเนตรธิดาของตนผู้มีรูปงามดุจเทพธิดาเข้าสู่วัยเยาว์แล้ว แต่ยังไม่มีผู้ใดมาขอเป็นคู่ครอง พระองค์ก็ทรงเศร้าโศกยิ่งนัก

यौवनस्थाम्situated in youth (youthful)
यौवनस्थाम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootयौवनस्थ (यौवन + स्थ)
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
ताम्her
ताम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Active
स्वाम्his own
स्वाम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootस्व
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
सुताम्daughter
सुताम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसुत
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
देवरूपिणीम्having a divine form
देवरूपिणीम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootदेवरूपिणी
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
अयाच्यमानाम्not being asked for (in marriage)
अयाच्यमानाम्:
TypeVerb
Rootयाच्
Formशानच् (present passive participle), Passive, Feminine, Accusative, Singular, अ-
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वरैःby suitors / by grooms
वरैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पतिःthe lord/king (husband/father as master)
पतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपति
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दुःखितःdistressed
दुःखितः:
TypeAdjective
Rootदुःखित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अभवत्became/was
अभवत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

मार्कण्डेय उवाच

M
Mārkaṇḍeya
T
the king (nāpati)
T
the king's daughter (sutā)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights a ruler-father’s dharma: ensuring a daughter’s welfare through a suitable marriage alliance. When social recognition (suitors seeking her) does not arise even for a worthy, beautiful daughter, it becomes a source of grief and moral anxiety about unfulfilled responsibility.

Mārkaṇḍeya narrates that the king sees his daughter has reached youth and is exceptionally beautiful, yet no suitor has come to ask for her hand. This unexpected lack of proposals makes the king deeply sorrowful.