Shloka 21

Dvaītavana: Brahmaghoṣa, Rṣi-saṅgha, and Baka Dālbhyā’s Upadeśa to Yudhiṣṭhira

Devanagari script

ध्यायत: कि न मन्युस्ते प्राप्ते काले विवर्धते । भीमसेनं हि कर्माणि स्वयं कुर्वाणमच्युतम्‌

Transliteration

dhyāyataḥ kiṁ na manyus te prāpte kāle vivardhate | bhīmasenaṁ hi karmāṇi svayaṁ kurvāṇam acyutam ||

Translation

ไวศัมปายนะกล่าวว่า “เมื่อกาลชี้ขาดมาถึงแล้ว เหตุใดแม้ครุ่นคิดอยู่ พระพิโรธของพระองค์จึงไม่ทวี—ทั้งที่ทรงเห็นภีมเสนลงมือทำกิจด้วยตนเอง และอจฺยุตะ (กฤษณะ) ก็ยังทรงกระทำการด้วยพระองค์เอง?”

Word by Word

• ध्यायतः: you think/meditate
• ध्यायतः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: ध्यै (धातु)
• Form: लट्, परस्मैपद, मध्यम, एकवचन

• किम्: why/what
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: किम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (निपात)

• मन्युः: anger/wrath
• मन्युः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: मन्यु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• ते: your
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: —, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• प्राप्ते: when (it is) arrived/come
• प्राप्ते: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्र-आप् (धातु) → प्राप्त (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: क्त, पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन

• काले: at the time
• काले: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: काल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन

• विवर्धते: grows/increases
• Type: Verb
• Root: वृध् (धातु)
• Form: लट्, आत्मनेपद, प्रथम, एकवचन

• भीमसेनम्: Bhimasena
• भीमसेनम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: भीमसेन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• हि: indeed/for
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (निपात)

• कर्माणि: deeds/actions
• कर्माणि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• स्वयम्: oneself
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: स्वयम् (अव्यय)

• कुर्वाणम्: doing/performing
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कृ (धातु) → कुर्वाण (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: शतृ (वर्तमान कृदन्त), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• अच्युतम्: Achyuta (Krishna)
• अच्युतम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अच्युत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśaṃpāyana
• Bhīmasena (Bhīma)
• Acyuta (Kṛṣṇa)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights timely moral resolve: when the moment for decisive action arrives, righteous indignation and determination should not remain dormant—especially when capable leaders (Bhīma) and guiding figures (Kṛṣṇa) are already acting.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vaiśaṃpāyana comments on a situation where someone is brooding rather than fully responding; he points to Bhīma actively taking on tasks and to Kṛṣṇa (Acyuta) acting personally, implying that the listener’s anger and initiative should rise to meet the moment.