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Shloka 62

Adhyāya 208: Aṅgirasī-kanyāḥ

Enumeration of Aṅgiras’ daughters and attribute-names

व्याध उवाच यज्ञो दानं॑ तपो वेदा: सत्यं च द्विजसत्तम | पज्चैतानि पवित्राणि शिष्टाचारेषु सर्वदा,व्याधने कहा--द्विजश्रेष्ठ! यज्ञ, दान, तपस्या, वेदोंका स्वाध्याय और सत्यभाषण--ये पाँच पवित्र वस्तुएँ शिष्ट पुरुषोंके आचार-व्यवहारमें सदा देखी गयी हैं

vyādha uvāca—yajño dānaṁ tapo vedāḥ satyaṁ ca dvijasattama | pañcaitāni pavitrāṇi śiṣṭācāreṣu sarvadā ||

พรานกล่าวว่า “โอ้ผู้ประเสริฐในหมู่ทวิชะ ยัญญะ ทานะ ตบะ การศึกษาพระเวท (สวาธยายะ) และสัจจะ—ทั้งห้านี้เป็นสิ่งชำระให้บริสุทธิ์ และปรากฏอยู่เสมอในอาจารประพฤติของผู้เป็นศิษฏะ”

व्याधःthe hunter (Vyadha)
व्याधः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootव्याध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
यज्ञःsacrifice
यज्ञः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयज्ञ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दानम्gift, charity
दानम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदान
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
तपःausterity, penance
तपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतपस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
वेदाःthe Vedas
वेदाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवेद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सत्यम्truth, truthfulness
सत्यम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसत्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
द्विजसत्तमO best of the twice-born
द्विजसत्तम:
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज-सत्तम
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
पञ्चfive
पञ्च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपञ्च
एतानिthese
एतानि:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
पवित्राणिpure, purifying
पवित्राणि:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपवित्र
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
शिष्टाचारॆषुin the conduct/practice of the cultured (people)
शिष्टाचारॆषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootशिष्टाचार
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
सर्वदाalways
सर्वदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसर्वदा

व्याध उवाच

V
Vyādha (the hunter, speaker)
D
Dvijasattama (addressed brāhmaṇa)

Educational Q&A

The verse identifies five enduring sources of inner and social purity—sacrifice (duty-oriented worship), charity, austerity, Vedic study, and truthfulness—and says that truly cultured people consistently embody these in their conduct (śiṣṭācāra).

In the Vyādha’s instruction on dharma, he addresses a brāhmaṇa respectfully and summarizes the hallmark virtues/practices that characterize the righteous, using them as a standard for ethical living.