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Shloka 9

धर्मव्याधोपदेशः

Dharma-vyādha’s Instruction on Śiṣṭācāra and Dharma

अथ श्येनो राजनमब्रवीत्‌,तदनन्तर बाजने राजासे कहा--“महाराज! प्रायः सभी जीवोंको बारी-बारीसे विभिन्न योनियोंमें जन्म लेकर रहना पड़ता है। मालूम होता है, आप इस सृष्टि-परम्परामें पहले कभी इस कबूतरसे जन्म ग्रहण कर चुके हैं; तभी तो इसे अपने आश्रयमें ले रहे हैं! राजन! मैं आग्रहपर्वूक कहता हूँ, आप इस कबूतरको लेकर मेरे भोजनके कार्यमें विघ्न न डालें"

atha śyeno rājanam abravīt, tad-anantaraṁ rājanam āha— “mahārāja! prāyaḥ sarveṣāṁ jīvānāṁ krameṇa vividhāsu yoniṣu janma grahaṇaṁ bhavati. manye bhavān asyāṁ sṛṣṭi-paramparāyāṁ pūrvaṁ kadācit asmin kapote janma gṛhītavān; tenaiva tvam enaṁ śaraṇam ānayasīva. rājan! ahaṁ dṛḍham āgraheṇa vadāmi— tvam enaṁ kapotaṁ gṛhītvā mama bhojana-kārye vighnaṁ mā kārṣīḥ.”

แล้วเหยี่ยวกล่าวแก่พระราชาว่า “ข้าแต่มหาราช สรรพสัตว์แทบทั้งปวงย่อมต้องเวียนเกิดสลับกันไปในครรภ์และภพนานาประการ ดูประหนึ่งว่าในสายสืบแห่งการสร้างโลกนี้ พระองค์เคยเกิดในภพของนกพิราบตัวนี้มาก่อน จึงรับมันไว้ในความคุ้มครอง ข้าแต่พระราชา ข้าพระองค์กล่าวด้วยความยืนกราน—อย่าได้กีดขวางความจำเป็นแห่งอาหารของข้าพระองค์ด้วยการเก็บนกพิราบนี้ไว้”

अथthen
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
श्येनःthe hawk
श्येनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootश्येन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
राजानम्the king
राजानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अब्रवीत्said/spoke
अब्रवीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
FormImperfect (Lan), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
तत्that
तत्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अनन्तरम्after that/thereafter
अनन्तरम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअनन्तर
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
प्रायःgenerally/for the most part
प्रायः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रायस्
सर्वेषाम्of all
सर्वेषाम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
भूतानाम्of creatures/beings
भूतानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootभूत
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
क्रमेणin order, successively
क्रमेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootक्रम
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
विविधासुin various
विविधासु:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootविविध
FormFeminine, Locative, Plural
योनिषुin wombs/births/species
योनिषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयोनि
FormFeminine, Locative, Plural
जन्मbirth
जन्म:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootजन्मन्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
गृह्णन्तिtake/assume (birth)
गृह्णन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootग्रह्
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
मन्येI think
मन्ये:
TypeVerb
Rootमन्
FormPresent (Lat), 1st, Singular, Atmanepada
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormNominative, Singular
अस्याम्in this
अस्याम्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
सृष्टि-परम्परायाम्in the succession/continuity of creation
सृष्टि-परम्परायाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसृष्टि-परम्परा
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
पूर्वम्formerly/before
पूर्वम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपूर्व
कदाचित्at some time/once
कदाचित्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकदाचित्
अनेनby/with this (one)
अनेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
कपोतनेwith the pigeon
कपोतने:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकपोत
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
जातःborn
जातः:
TypeVerb
Rootजन्
Formक्त (past passive participle, used adjectivally), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
असिare
असि:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormPresent (Lat), 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada
तस्मात्therefore/for that reason
तस्मात्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतद्
एनम्this one/him (the pigeon)
एनम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आश्रयेin (your) refuge/protection
आश्रये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootआश्रय
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
करोषिyou make/do (you take under protection)
करोषि:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormPresent (Lat), 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormNominative, Singular
आग्रहपूर्वकम्insistently/with insistence
आग्रहपूर्वकम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआग्रह-पूर्वक
वदामिI say
वदामि:
TypeVerb
Rootवद्
FormPresent (Lat), 1st, Singular, Parasmaipada
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormNominative, Singular
एनम्this one/him (the pigeon)
एनम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
गृहीत्वाhaving taken
गृहीत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootग्रह्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada
ममmy
मम:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
भोजनकार्येin (the matter of) my food/meal-purpose
भोजनकार्ये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभोजन-कार्य
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
विघ्नम्obstacle
विघ्नम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootविघ्न
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
माdo not
मा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा
कार्षीःdo/make
कार्षीः:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormImperative (Lot) / Prohibitive with मा, 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada

मार्कण्डेय उवाच

M
Markandeya
K
King (rājan)
H
Hawk (śyena)
D
Dove/Pigeon (kapota)
S
Sṛṣṭi-paramparā (cosmic succession of births)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames a dharma-conflict: compassion and protection offered to a refugee (the dove) is challenged by another being’s legitimate need to live (the hawk’s hunger). It also invokes rebirth and karmic continuity to intensify the king’s attachment and responsibility, showing how ethical decisions are tested when duties collide.

In Markandeya’s narration, the hawk confronts the king who has granted refuge to a dove. The hawk argues that beings cycle through many births and suggests the king’s special protection may stem from a past-life connection with the dove. It then insists the king should not block the hawk’s right to food by withholding its prey.