Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 21

धर्मव्याधोपदेशः

Dharma-vyādha’s Instruction on Śiṣṭācāra and Dharma

अथ स दक्षिणादूरोरुत्कृत्य स्वमांसपेशीं तुलया55धारयत्‌ । गुरुतर एव कपोत आसीत्‌,तब राजाने अपनी दायीं जाँघसे मांस काटकर उसे तराजूके एक पलड़ेपर रखा, किंतु कबूतरके साथ तौलनेपर वही अधिक भारी निकला

atha sa dakṣiṇād ūrvor utkṛtya sva-māṁsa-peśīṁ tulayā dhārayat | gurutara eva kapota āsīt |

แล้วพระราชาทรงตัดเนื้อจากต้นขาขวา วางลงบนถาดข้างหนึ่งของตาชั่ง แต่เมื่อชั่งเทียบกับนกพิราบแล้ว นกพิราบกลับยังหนักกว่า

अथthen
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दक्षिणात्from the right
दक्षिणात्:
Apadana
TypeAdjective
Rootदक्षिण
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
ऊरोःfrom the thigh
ऊरोः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootऊरु
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
उत्कृत्यhaving cut out
उत्कृत्य:
TypeVerb
Rootउत् + कृ (कृञ्)
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Active
स्वhis own
स्व:
TypeAdjective
Rootस्व
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
मांसपेशीम्a piece of flesh (muscle)
मांसपेशीम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमांसपेशी
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
तुलयाwith a balance/scale
तुलया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootतुला
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
धारयत्he placed/held
धारयत्:
TypeVerb
Rootधृ
FormImperfect (लङ्), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
गुरुतरःheavier
गुरुतरः:
TypeAdjective
Rootगुरु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Comparative
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
कपोतःthe pigeon/dove
कपोतः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकपोत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
आसीत्was
आसीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormImperfect (लङ्), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

श्येन उवाच

श्येन (the hawk, speaker)
कपोत (the dove)
राजा (the king, implied in narrative)
दक्षिण ऊरु (right thigh)
मांसपेशी (piece of flesh)
तुला (balance/scale)

Educational Q&A

Dharma is measured by steadfast commitment to one’s protective vow and compassion, even when it demands painful personal sacrifice; moral duty cannot be fulfilled by token offerings when the vulnerable life at stake remains uncompensated.

To save the dove from the hawk, the king offers his own flesh as substitute food and weighs it on a balance against the dove; despite adding flesh from his right thigh, the dove still outweighs it, intensifying the test of the king’s resolve.