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Shloka 11

Hanūmān’s Embrace, Counsel, and Promise to Amplify Bhīma’s Battle-Roar

Gandhamādana Continuation

हनूमानुवाच कृतं नाम युगं तात यत्र धर्म: सनातन: । कृतमेव न कर्तव्यं तस्मिन्‌ काले युगोत्तमे,हनुमानजी बोले--तात! सबसे पहला कृतयुग है। उसमें सनातनधर्मकी पूर्ण स्थिति रहती है। उसका कृतयुग नाम इसलिये पड़ा है कि उस उत्तम युगके लोग अपना सब कर्तव्यकर्म सम्पन्न ही कर लेते थे। उनके लिये कुछ करना शेष नहीं रहता था (अतः “कृतम्‌ एव सर्व शुभं यस्मिन्‌ युगे” इस व्युत्पत्तिक अनुसार वह “कृतयुग” कहलाया)

Hanūmān uvāca: kṛtaṃ nāma yugaṃ tāta yatra dharmaḥ sanātanaḥ | kṛtam eva na kartavyaṃ tasmin kāle yugottame ||

หนุมานกล่าวว่า “ลูกเอ๋ย ยุคแรกมีนามว่า ‘กฤตยุค’ ณ ที่นั้นสันตนธรรม (ธรรมะนิรันดร์) ตั้งมั่นด้วยกำลังเต็มเปี่ยม ในยุคอันประเสริฐนั้น สิ่งที่พึงกระทำทั้งปวงล้วน ‘กฤต’ คือสำเร็จแล้ว ไม่มีหน้าที่ใดค้างคา จึงเรียกว่า ‘กฤตยุค’”

हनूमान्Hanuman
हनूमान्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootहनूमत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid/spoke
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
कृतम्done; accomplished
कृतम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootकृत
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
नामname
नाम:
TypeNoun
Rootनामन्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
युगम्age; era
युगम्:
TypeNoun
Rootयुग
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
तातdear one; son (vocative address)
तात:
TypeNoun
Rootतात
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
यत्रwhere; in which (time/condition)
यत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयत्र
धर्मःdharma; righteousness
धर्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सनातनःeternal
सनातनः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसनातन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कृतम्done; accomplished
कृतम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootकृत
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
एवindeed; just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
कर्तव्यम्to be done; obligatory
कर्तव्यम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootकर्तव्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
तस्मिन्in that
तस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
कालेin the time
काले:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकाल
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
युगोत्तमेin the best of ages
युगोत्तमे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootयुगोत्तम
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular

भीम उवाच

H
Hanuman
K
Kṛta Yuga
S
Sanātana Dharma

Educational Q&A

The verse defines Kṛta Yuga as the era in which eternal Dharma is fully established and human duties are naturally fulfilled; moral life is ‘complete’, leaving no neglected obligations.

In the Bhīma–Hanuman encounter in the Vana Parva, Hanuman explains the nature of the yugas; here he characterizes the first age, Kṛta Yuga, as the highest period of complete righteousness and fulfilled duty.