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Shloka 5

Gaṅgā-Tīrtha Darśana and the Prelude to the Yavakrīta–Indra Exemplum (लोमश-युधिष्ठिर संवादः)

अद्टावक्र उवाच सर्वे राज्ञो मैथिलस्य मैनाकस्येव पर्वता: । निकृष्टभूता राजानो वत्सा अनडुहो यथा,अष्टावक्र बोले--जैसे सब पर्वत मैनाकसे छोटे हैं, सारे बछड़े बैलोंसे लघुतर हैं, उसी प्रकार भूमण्डलके समस्त राजा मिथिलानरेश महाराज जनककी अपेक्षा निम्न श्रेणीमें हैं

aṣṭāvakra uvāca sarve rājño maithilasya mainākasyeva parvatāḥ | nikṛṣṭabhūtā rājāno vatsā anaḍuho yathā ||

อัษฏาวักระกล่าวว่า “ดุจดังภูเขาทั้งปวงย่อมเล็กกว่าภูเขาไมณากะ และดุจดังลูกโคย่อมด้อยกำลังกว่าโคผู้ใหญ่ ฉันใด กษัตริย์ทั้งหลายทั่วพื้นพิภพก็ย่อมอยู่ในฐานะต่ำกว่า เมื่อเทียบกับพระราชาแห่งมิถิลา คือมหาราชชนก ฉันนั้น”

अष्टावक्रःAṣṭāvakra (the sage)
अष्टावक्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअष्टावक्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), Third, Singular
सर्वेall
सर्वे:
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
राज्ञःkings
राज्ञः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
मैथिलस्यof the king of Mithilā (Janaka)
मैथिलस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootमैथिल
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
मैनाकस्यof Maināka (mountain)
मैनाकस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootमैनाक
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
इवlike, as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
पर्वताःmountains
पर्वताः:
TypeNoun
Rootपर्वत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
निकृष्टभूताःbecome inferior; inferior
निकृष्टभूताः:
TypeAdjective
Rootनिकृष्टभूत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
राजानःkings
राजानः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
वत्साःcalves
वत्साः:
TypeNoun
Rootवत्स
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अनडुहःfrom a bull/ox
अनडुहः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootअनडुह्
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
यथाjust as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा

अद्टावक्र उवाच

A
Aṣṭāvakra
M
Maithila (King of Mithilā—Janaka implied)
M
Mithilā
M
Maināka (mountain)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches that genuine superiority in rulership is grounded in inner excellence—wisdom, restraint, and dharmic integrity—rather than mere political power; Janaka is held up as the exemplar.

Aṣṭāvakra is praising the Maithila king (Janaka), using vivid similes—Maināka among mountains and bulls among calves—to declare that other kings are comparatively lesser.