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Shloka 19

उद्योगपर्व — अध्याय ८१: कृष्णस्य दूतप्रयाणम्

Udyoga Parva, Chapter 81: Krishna Sets Out as Envoy

जनार्दन! जैसे अवध्यका वध करनेपर महान्‌ दोष लगता है, उसी प्रकार वध्यका वध न करनेसे भी दोषकी प्राप्ति होती है। यह बात धर्मज्ञ पुरुष जानते हैं ।। यथा त्वां न स्पृशेदेष दोष: कृष्ण तथा कुरु । पाण्डवै: सह दाशार्ह: सूंजयैश्नव ससैनिकैः,श्रीकृष्ण! आप सैनिकोंसहित सूंजयों, पाण्डवों तथा यादवोंके साथ ऐसा प्रयत्न कीजिये, जिससे आपको यह दोष न छू सके

janārdana! yathā avadhyakā-vadhe mahān doṣaḥ, tathā vadhyakā-vadhaṃ na kṛte ’pi doṣa-prāptiḥ. etad dharmajñāḥ puruṣā jānanti. yathā tvāṃ na spṛśed eṣa doṣaḥ, kṛṣṇa, tathā kuru. pāṇḍavaiḥ saha dāśārhaḥ sūñjayaiś ca sasainikaiḥ—śrīkṛṣṇa, yathā tvāṃ doṣo na spṛśet tathā prayatnaṃ kuru.

“โอ้ชนารทนะ ดังที่การสังหารผู้ซึ่งไม่ควรถูกสังหารก่อโทษใหญ่ฉันใด การไม่สังหารผู้ซึ่งควรถูกสังหารก็ย่อมก่อโทษฉันนั้น—ผู้รู้ธรรมย่อมเข้าใจ. เพราะฉะนั้น โอ้กฤษณะ จงกระทำให้โทษนี้ไม่อาจแตะต้องท่านได้. โอ้ทศารหะ จงร่วมกับเหล่าปาณฑพ เหล่าสฤญชัย และกองทัพของพวกเขา พากเพียรให้ถึงที่สุด เพื่อให้ท่านพ้นจากคำครหานี้”

यथाjust as / so that
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
Formavyaya
त्वाम्you
त्वाम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
Formgender: (common), case: accusative, number: singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
Formavyaya
स्पृशेत्may touch / should touch
स्पृशेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootस्पृश्
Formlakara: vidhi-ling, tense: optative, person: 3rd, number: singular, pada: parasmaipada
एषःthis
एषः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
Formgender: masculine, case: nominative, number: singular
दोषःfault / sin / blame
दोषः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदोष
Formgender: masculine, case: nominative, number: singular
कृष्णO Krishna
कृष्ण:
TypeNoun
Rootकृष्ण
Formgender: masculine, case: vocative, number: singular
तथाthus / in that way
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
Formavyaya
कुरुdo / act
कुरु:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
Formlakara: lot, mood: imperative, person: 2nd, number: singular, pada: parasmaipada
पाण्डवैःwith the Pandavas
पाण्डवैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
Formgender: masculine, case: instrumental, number: plural
सहtogether with
सह:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसह
Formavyaya (used with instrumental)
दाशार्हO Dasharha (Krishna)
दाशार्ह:
TypeNoun
Rootदाशार्ह
Formgender: masculine, case: vocative, number: singular
सूंजयैःwith the Sṛñjayas
सूंजयैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसूंजय
Formgender: masculine, case: instrumental, number: plural
यादवैःwith the Yadavas
यादवैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootयादव
Formgender: masculine, case: instrumental, number: plural
नवindeed / now (particle; reading uncertain)
नव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनव
Formavyaya
ससैनिकैःtogether with soldiers
ससैनिकैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootस-सैनिक
Formgender: masculine, case: instrumental, number: plural

वैशम्पायन उवाच

वैशम्पायन (Vaiśampāyana)
जनार्दन (Janārdana/Kṛṣṇa)
कृष्ण (Kṛṣṇa)
दाशार्ह (Dāśārha—epithet of Kṛṣṇa)
पाण्डव (Pāṇḍavas)
सृञ्जय/सूंजय (Sṛñjayas)
यादव (Yādavas)
सैनिक (armies/troops)

Educational Q&A

Dharma is not only about avoiding wrongful violence (killing the inviolable) but also about fulfilling necessary justice (not sparing the punishable). Both extremes can generate doṣa; therefore one must act so that righteous responsibility is met without moral stain.

Vaiśampāyana reports counsel directed to Kṛṣṇa: with the Pāṇḍavas, Sṛñjayas, and allied forces, he should undertake a course of action that avoids blame—navigating the impending conflict so that neither wrongful killing nor negligent inaction compromises dharma.