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Shloka 3

Udyoga-parva Adhyāya 69: Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s Reverential Address to Sañjaya on Vāsudeva

वसनात्‌ सर्वभूतानां वसुत्वाद्‌ देवयोनित: । वासुदेवस्ततो वेद्यो बृहत्त्वाद्‌ विष्णुरुच्यते,भगवान्‌ समस्त प्राणियोंके निवासस्थान हैं तथा वे सब भूतोंमें वास करते हैं, इसलिये “वसु' हैं एवं देवताओंकी उत्पत्तिके स्थान होनेसे और समस्त देवता उनमें वास करते हैं, इसलिये उन्हें 'देव” कहा जाता है। अतएव उनका नाम “वासुदेव” है, ऐसा जानना चाहिये। बृहत्‌ अर्थात्‌ व्यापक होनेके कारण वे ही “विष्णु' कहलाते हैं

sañjaya uvāca | vasanāt sarvabhūtānāṁ vasutvād devayonitaḥ | vāsudevas tato vedyo bṛhattvād viṣṇur ucyate ||

สัญชัยกล่าวว่า เพราะพระผู้เป็นเจ้าทรงเป็นที่พำนักของสรรพสัตว์ทั้งปวง และทรงสถิตอยู่ภายในสรรพสัตว์ทั้งปวง จึงทรงเป็นที่รู้จักว่า “วสุ” และเพราะทรงเป็นบ่อเกิดแห่งเหล่าเทพ—ทั้งเพราะเทพทั้งปวงดำรงอยู่ในพระองค์—จึงทรงถูกเรียกว่า “เทวะ” ฉะนั้นพึงเข้าใจพระองค์ด้วยพระนามว่า “วาสุเทวะ” และเพราะทรงยิ่งใหญ่กว้างไกล แผ่ซ่านไปทั่ว จึงทรงถูกขานว่า “วิษณุ”

वसनात्from (their) dwelling/abiding
वसनात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootवसन (√वस्)
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
सर्वभूतानाम्of all beings
सर्वभूतानाम्:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootसर्वभूत
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
वसुत्वात्from being a Vasu / from the state of being 'Vasu'
वसुत्वात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootवसुत्व
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
देवयोनितःfrom being the source/womb of the gods
देवयोनितः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootदेवयोनि
FormFeminine, Ablative, Singular
वासुदेवःVāsudeva
वासुदेवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवासुदेव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ततःtherefore/from that
ततः:
Hetu
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
वेद्यःto be known/knowable
वेद्यः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवेद्य (√विद्)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
बृहत्त्वात्from vastness/greatness
बृहत्त्वात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootबृहत्त्व
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
विष्णुःViṣṇu
विष्णुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविष्णु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उच्यतेis called/said
उच्यते:
TypeVerb
Root√वच्
FormPresent, Passive, Third, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
V
Vāsudeva
V
Viṣṇu
D
Devas (gods)
S
Sarvabhūta (all beings)

Educational Q&A

The verse explains the theological rationale behind divine epithets: the Lord is called Vasu because all beings dwell in Him and He dwells in them; He is called Deva because He is the source and abode of the gods; thus He is known as Vāsudeva, and as Viṣṇu because of His vast, all-pervading nature.

In the Udyoga Parva’s pre-war setting, Sañjaya describes and glorifies the supreme status of Kṛṣṇa/Vāsudeva by interpreting His names, emphasizing His cosmic indwelling and sovereignty—framing Him as the divine ground of beings and of the gods.