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Shloka 31

अध्याय ३९: विदुरेण धृतराष्ट्राय नीत्युपदेशः

Timely Counsel, Association, and Kin-Duty

धृतराष्ट्रने कहा--विदुर! तुम प्रतिदिन मुझे जिस प्रकार उपदेश दिया करते हो, वह बहुत ठीक है। सौम्य! तुम मुझसे जो कुछ भी कहते हो, ऐसा ही मेरा भी विचार है ।। सातु बुद्धि: कृताप्येवं पाण्डवान्‌ प्रति मे सदा । दुर्योधनं समासाद्य पुनर्विपरिवर्तते,यद्यपि मैं पाण्डवोंके प्रति सदा ऐसी ही बुद्धि रखता हूँ, तथापि दुर्योधनसे मिलनेपर फिर बुद्धि पलट जाती है

dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca—vidura! tvaṃ me pratidinaṃ yathā upadeśaṃ dadāsi, tat sarvam eva samyak. saumya! tvaṃ mayi yat kiṃcid vadasi, tathāiva mama api matam. sā tu buddhiḥ kṛtā apy evaṃ pāṇḍavān prati me sadā, duryodhanaṃ samāsādya punaḥ viparivartate.

ธฤตราษฏระตรัสว่า “วิดุระเอ๋ย คำตักเตือนที่เจ้ากล่าวแก่เราทุกวันนั้นชอบแท้. ผู้มีใจอ่อนโยนเอ๋ย สิ่งใดที่เจ้ากล่าวแก่เรา ก็สอดคล้องกับความเห็นของเราเอง. แต่ถึงเราจะตั้งใจเอนเอียงเข้าข้างปาณฑพอยู่เสมอ ครั้นได้พบทุรโยธนะแล้ว ใจก็กลับผันแปรอีกครั้ง.”

साthat (she/it) / that (very)
सा:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut, however
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
बुद्धिःintention, resolve, mind
बुद्धिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबुद्धि
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
कृताmade, formed
कृता:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
Formक्त (past passive participle), Feminine, Nominative, Singular
अपिeven, although
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
एवंthus, in this way
एवं:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
पाण्डवान्the Pandavas
पाण्डवान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
प्रतिtowards, with regard to
प्रति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रति
मेof me, my
मे:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
सदाalways
सदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा
दुर्योधनम्Duryodhana
दुर्योधनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्योधन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
समासाद्यhaving approached, after meeting
समासाद्य:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आ-√सद्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage as avyaya-kriyāviśeṣaṇa)
पुनःagain
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
विपरिवर्ततेturns back, changes, reverses
विपरिवर्तते:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-परि-√वृत्
FormPresent (Lat), Atmanepada, Third, Singular

धृतराष्ट उवाच

D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
V
Vidura
P
Pāṇḍavas
D
Duryodhana

Educational Q&A

Right counsel and clear moral understanding are insufficient if one repeatedly yields to attachment and proximity to a powerful influence. Dhṛtarāṣṭra admits that he knows what is just toward the Pāṇḍavas, yet his resolve collapses when he faces Duryodhana—highlighting the ethical danger of partiality and weak self-governance in a ruler.

In Udyoga Parva, as war negotiations and court deliberations intensify, Dhṛtarāṣṭra speaks to Vidura, acknowledging Vidura’s daily advice and agreeing with it in principle. However, he confesses that his stance shifts whenever he meets his son Duryodhana, revealing the court’s paralysis and the king’s inability to act decisively for dharma.