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Shloka 44

Vidura-nīti: Atithi-dharma, Trust, Counsel-Secrecy, and Traits of Sustainable Rule

Udyoga Parva, Adhyāya 38

उपस्थितस्य कामस्य प्रतिवादो न विद्यते । अपि निर्मुक्तदेहस्य कामरक्तस्य कि पुन:,देहाभिमानसे रहित पुरुषके पास भी यदि न्याय-युक्त पदार्थ स्वतः उपस्थित हो तो वह उसका विरोध नहीं करता, फिर कामासक्त मनुष्यके लिये तो कहना ही क्या है?

upasthitasya kāmasya prativādo na vidyate | api nirmuktadehasya kāmaraktasya ki punaḥ ||

เมื่อสิ่งอันน่าปรารถนาปรากฏขึ้นตรงหน้าเอง การต้านทานย่อมพบได้ยาก แม้ผู้ที่หลุดพ้นจากความยึดมั่นในกายก็ยังไม่ขัดขวางสิ่งที่มาถึงเอง แล้วผู้ที่จิตถูกเผาไหม้ด้วยกามและความยึดติดจะกล่าวอย่างไรเล่า?

उपस्थितस्यof what has come/appeared (present)
उपस्थितस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootउपस्थित (उप + √स्था)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
कामस्यof desire
कामस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकाम
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
प्रतिवादःopposition/objection
प्रतिवादः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रतिवाद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
विद्यतेexists/is found
विद्यते:
TypeVerb
Root√विद् (विद्) / विद् (सत्तायाम्) → विद्यते
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
अपिeven/also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
निर्मुक्तदेहस्यof one freed from the body
निर्मुक्तदेहस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootनिर्मुक्तदेह
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
कामरक्तस्यof one attached to desire
कामरक्तस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootकामरक्त
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
किम्what (then)?
किम्:
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
पुनःagain; moreover; then
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः

विदुर उवाच

V
Vidura

Educational Q&A

Vidura highlights the psychological force of desire: when a tempting object is already at hand, refusal is uncommon. Therefore, one should not trust mere intention; ethical strength requires prior discipline, vigilance, and restraint before desire becomes imminent.

In the Udyoga Parva, Vidura offers moral counsel (nīti) during the tense lead-up to war. Here he warns that attachment and craving overpower judgment, implying that leaders driven by desire will not resist unjust gains once they appear attainable.