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Shloka 3

Ārjava, Satya, and the Virocana–Sudhanvan Exemplum

Udyoga-parva 35

साध्या ऊचु. साध्या देवा वयमेते महर्षे दृष्टवा भवन्तं न शकनुमो<डनुमातुम्‌ । श्रुतेन धीरो बुद्धिमांस्त्वं मतो नः काव्यां वाचं वक्तुमर्हस्युदाराम्‌,साध्य बोले--महर्षे! हम सब लोग साध्यदेवता हैं, केवल आपको देखकर हम आपके विषयमें कुछ अनुमान नहीं कर सकते। हमें तो आप शास्त्रज्ञानसे युक्त, धीर एवं बुद्धिमान्‌ जान पड़ते हैं; अत: हमलोगोंको अपनी दिद्वत्तापूर्ण उदार वाणी सुनानेकी कृपा करें

sādhyā ūcuḥ | sādhyā devā vayam ete maharṣe dṛṣṭvā bhavantaṃ na śaknumo ’numātum | śrutena dhīro buddhimāṃs tvaṃ mato naḥ kāvyāṃ vācaṃ vaktum arhasy udārām |

เหล่าเทพสาธยะทูลว่า “ข้าแต่มหาฤๅษี พวกเราคือเทพสาธยะ เพียงได้เห็นท่านด้วยตา เราก็มิอาจหยั่งรู้ว่าท่านเป็นผู้ใดโดยแท้ แต่จากที่ได้สดับมา เราถือว่าท่านทรงคัมภีร์ มั่นคง และเปี่ยมปัญญา ฉะนั้นขอท่านจงกล่าววาจาอันสูงส่ง ไพเราะ และเป็นคำสั่งสอนแก่เราเถิด”

साध्याःthe Sādhyas
साध्याः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसाध्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
ऊचुःsaid
ऊचुः:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
साध्याःthe Sādhyas
साध्याः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसाध्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
देवाःgods
देवाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
वयम्we
वयम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form1st, Nominative, Plural
एतेthese (here)
एते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
महर्षेO great sage
महर्षे:
TypeNoun
Rootमहर्षि
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada
भवन्तम्you (honorific)
भवन्तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootभवत्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
शक्नुमःwe are able
शक्नुमः:
TypeVerb
Rootशक्
FormPresent, 1st, Plural, Parasmaipada
अनुमातुम्to infer/guess
अनुमातुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु-मा
FormInfinitive (Tumun)
श्रुतेनby learning/scriptural knowledge
श्रुतेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootश्रुति
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
धीरःsteadfast, wise
धीरः:
TypeAdjective
Rootधीर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
बुद्धिमान्intelligent
बुद्धिमान्:
TypeAdjective
Rootबुद्धिमत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form2nd, Nominative, Singular
मतःconsidered (as)
मतः:
TypeAdjective
Rootमत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, PPP from √मन् (to think), used predicatively
नःby us / of us
नः:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form1st, Genitive, Plural
काव्याम्poetic
काव्याम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootकाव्य
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
वाचम्speech, words
वाचम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवाच्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
वक्तुम्to speak
वक्तुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormInfinitive (Tumun)
अर्हसिyou are worthy/should
अर्हसि:
TypeVerb
Rootअर्ह्
FormPresent, 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada
उदाराम्noble, generous
उदाराम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootउदार
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular

विदुर उवाच

S
Sādhyas (Sādhya deities)
M
Mahārṣi (a great seer, unnamed in this verse)

Educational Q&A

True authority is recognized not merely by appearance but by qualities attested through learning, steadiness, and wisdom; therefore, noble speech should be used to instruct and guide others in dharma.

A group of deities called the Sādhyas address a great seer. They admit they cannot identify him by sight alone, but having heard of his learning and character, they request him to deliver an elevated, instructive discourse.