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Shloka 14

Ārjava, Satya, and the Virocana–Sudhanvan Exemplum

Udyoga-parva 35

यतो यतो निवर्तते ततस्ततो विमुच्यते । निवर्तनाद्धि सर्वतो न वेत्ति दुःखमण्वपि,मनुष्य जिन-जिन विषयोंसे मनको हटाता जाता है, उन-उनसे उसकी मुक्ति होती जाती है; इस प्रकार यदि सब ओरसे निवृत्ति हो जाय तो उसे लेशमात्र दुःखका भी कभी अनुभव नहीं होता

yato yato nivartate tatastato vimucyate | nivartanād dhi sarvato na vetti duḥkham aṇv api ||

หงส์กล่าวว่า “บุคคลหันจิตกลับจากสิ่งใด ก็ย่อมค่อย ๆ หลุดพ้นจากสิ่งนั้น และเมื่อการหันกลับนี้สมบูรณ์ในทุกทิศทาง เขาย่อมไม่ประสบแม้เศษเสี้ยวแห่งทุกข์”

यतःfrom where/whence
यतः:
Apadana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयतस्
FormAblative adverb (source/point of withdrawal)
यतःfrom whatever (source)
यतः:
Apadana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयतस्
FormAblative adverb (correlative)
निवर्ततेturns back/withdraws
निवर्तते:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootनि√वृत्
FormPresent, Atmanepada, 3rd person, singular
ततःfrom that (source)/therefrom
ततः:
Apadana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततस्
FormAblative adverb (correlative)
ततःfrom that very (source)
ततः:
Apadana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततस्
FormAblative adverb (correlative)
विमुच्यतेis released/is freed
विमुच्यते:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootवि√मुच्
FormPresent, Passive (Karmani), 3rd person, singular
निवर्तनात्from withdrawal/cessation
निवर्तनात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootनिवर्तन
FormNeuter, Ablative, singular
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
FormParticle (emphasis/causal)
सर्वतःfrom all sides/altogether
सर्वतः:
Apadana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसर्वतस्
FormAblative adverb (all sides)
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
FormNegation
वेत्तिknows/experiences
वेत्ति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Root√विद्
FormPresent, Parasmaipada, 3rd person, singular
दुःखम्sorrow/pain
दुःखम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदुःख
FormNeuter, Accusative, singular
अणुminute/very small
अणु:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअणु
FormNeuter, Accusative, singular (used adjectivally with दुःखम्)
अपिeven
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
FormParticle (even/also)

हंस उवाच

हंस (Haṃsa, the Swan—speaker)

Educational Q&A

Freedom from suffering grows in direct proportion to withdrawing the mind from its objects of attachment; complete detachment in all directions results in the absence of even the smallest sorrow.

In a didactic passage of Udyoga Parva, the speaker identified as the Haṃsa (Swan) delivers an instruction on inner discipline: turning the mind away from worldly objects leads step-by-step to liberation and the cessation of suffering.